Tjugen Trygve B, Flaa Arnljot, Kjeldsen Sverre E
Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Jul-Aug;52(1):20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2009.05.008.
Although essential hypertension seems to have a strong hereditary component, the triggering mechanism is unclear. It is likely that the central nervous system via autonomic sympathetic overactivation plays a key role in the development of hypertension. High heart rate has proven to be a strong predictor for cardiovascular disease and a predictor of the development of essential hypertension. Because heart rate is highly influenced by many factors such as anxiety and physical activity, it is sometimes difficult to interpret the value of heart rate measurement in individual persons. Whether heart rate itself is a risk factor for development of hypertension or just a marker for sympathetic overactivation is still a matter of debate, but the presence of elevated heart rate in both hyperkinetic and hypertensive subjects makes it an interesting and easy measurable prognostic marker.
尽管原发性高血压似乎有很强的遗传成分，但其触发机制尚不清楚。中枢神经系统通过自主交感神经的过度激活很可能在高血压的发展中起关键作用。已证明高心率是心血管疾病的有力预测指标，也是原发性高血压发展的预测指标。由于心率受焦虑和身体活动等多种因素的高度影响，有时很难解读个体心率测量值的意义。心率本身是高血压发展的危险因素还是仅仅是交感神经过度激活的一个标志物，仍存在争议，但在运动亢进和高血压患者中均存在心率升高的情况，这使其成为一个有趣且易于测量的预后指标。
