Cobb Stephen C, Tis Laurie L, Johnson Jeffrey T, Wang Yong Tai, Geil Mark D, McCarty Frances A
Department of Human Movement Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413, USA.
Gait Posture. 2009 Oct;30(3):334-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.06.005. Epub 2009 Jul 16.
A number of in vitro, invasive in vivo, and non-invasive marker based multi-segment foot models (MSFMs) have reported significant motion in the articulations distal to the calcaneus during gait. Few studies, however, have applied a MSFM to the investigation of the effect of foot posture on gait kinematics. Differences in stance phase kinematics between participants with low-mobile (LMF) (n=11) versus "typical" (TYPF) (n=11) foot postures were investigated using a multi-segment medial foot model. Three-dimensional position and stance phase excursions of four functional articulations (rearfoot complex [RC], calcaneonavicular complex [CNC], medial forefoot, first metatarsophalangeal complex) were quantified using an eight optical camera motion analysis system (Vicon Motus, Vicon Motions Systems, Centennial, CO) and a custom written software program (Matlab 7.0.1, The MathWorks, Natick, MA), respectively. Excursions during four subphases of stance phase (loading response, midstance, terminal stance, pre-swing) at each of the functional articulations were compared using multivariate analyses of variance (alpha<or=0.05). Results revealed significantly decreased LMF group CNC abduction excursion (p=0.047) during midstance. During pre-swing, LMF group RC inversion excursion was significantly increased (p=0.032) and eversion excursion was significantly decreased (p=0.003) compared to the TYPF group. When these differences are considered in conjunction with the kinematic patterns of other foot/leg segments and functional articulations, the changes may suggest dysfunction of normal leg-calcaneus coupling and the constrained tarsal mechanism associated with low-mobile foot postures.
许多基于体外、体内侵入性和非侵入性标记的多节段足部模型（MSFM）报告称，在步态过程中跟骨远端关节存在显著运动。然而，很少有研究将MSFM应用于足部姿势对步态运动学影响的研究。使用多节段内侧足部模型，研究了低活动度（LMF）（n = 11）与“典型”（TYPF）（n = 11）足部姿势参与者之间站立期运动学的差异。使用八台光学相机运动分析系统（Vicon Motus，Vicon Motions Systems，百年市，科罗拉多州）和自定义编写的软件程序（Matlab 7.0.1，MathWorks公司，纳蒂克，马萨诸塞州），分别对四个功能性关节（后足复合体[RC]、跟舟复合体[CNC]、内侧前足、第一跖趾复合体）的三维位置和站立期偏移进行了量化。使用多变量方差分析（α≤0.05）比较了每个功能性关节在站立期四个子阶段（加载反应、中期站立、末期站立、摆动前期）的偏移。结果显示，在中期站立时，LMF组CNC外展偏移显著降低（p = 0.047）。在摆动前期，与TYPF组相比，LMF组RC内翻偏移显著增加（p = 0.032），外翻偏移显著降低（p = 0.003）。当将这些差异与其他足部/腿部节段和功能性关节的运动学模式结合考虑时，这些变化可能表明正常的腿部-跟骨耦合功能障碍以及与低活动度足部姿势相关的跗骨机制受限。
