Research Institute of Exceptional Children, Research Institute for Education, Organization for Educational Research and Planning, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 24;14(1):25221. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76878-w.
The foot structure is associated with different running mechanics. The central nervous system is responsible for using the muscles through synergies during locomotion. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of foot structure on the electromyography factors and the synergy of the selected muscles of the lower extremity. Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus longus, soleus, biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius lateralis and medialis muscles activity of 60 barefoot recreational runners with different foot structures was recorded while running at a speed of 3.3 m/s. Muscle activity was measured in the running cycle. Besides, muscle synergies were extracted using non-negative matrix factorization algorithm. The results showed that there were differences between groups with different foot type in muscle activity under different phases of running in some muscles. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the number of synergies was similar in different groups and the relative weight of muscles was not different across groups. In conclusion, despite the difference in muscle activity under different phases of the running cycle, muscle synergies are similar among the groups. This can indicate similar control by the central nervous system in runners with different arch structures while running and the observed changes in muscle activity can be attributed to the type of forces exerted on the body, the length-tension relationship, and changes in the direction of the lower limbs in people with different arch structures.
足部结构与不同的跑步力学有关。中枢神经系统负责在运动过程中通过协同作用使用肌肉。本研究的目的是研究足部结构对所选下肢肌肉的肌电图因素和协同作用的影响。60 名赤脚休闲跑步者以 3.3m/s 的速度跑步时，记录了不同足部结构的胫骨前肌、趾长伸肌、腓骨长肌、比目鱼肌、股二头肌、股外侧肌、腓肠肌外侧和内侧肌的活动。肌肉活动在跑步周期中进行测量。此外，使用非负矩阵分解算法提取肌肉协同作用。结果表明，在不同的跑步阶段，不同足部类型的组之间在一些肌肉中存在肌肉活动的差异。此外，研究结果表明，不同组之间协同作用的数量相似，各组之间肌肉的相对权重没有差异。总之，尽管在跑步周期的不同阶段肌肉活动存在差异，但不同组之间的肌肉协同作用是相似的。这表明在跑步时，不同足弓结构的跑步者的中枢神经系统控制相似，观察到的肌肉活动变化可以归因于不同足弓结构的人对身体施加的力的类型、长度-张力关系以及下肢方向的变化。
