Adám Szilvia, Gyorffy Zsuzsa, László Krisztina
Semmelweis Egyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar, Magatartástudományi Intézet, Budapest.
Orv Hetil. 2009 Aug 2;150(31):1451-6. doi: 10.1556/OH.2009.28582.
Due to the family-centric nature of Hungarian society and to the high proportion of women in the medical profession, more female than male physicians may experience work-family conflict. The authors hypothesized that work-family conflict may reduce job satisfaction among female physicians. However, there is limited information about the prevalence of work-family conflict and job dissatisfaction as well as their associations among female physicians.
To explore the prevalence of work-family conflict and its relations to job dissatisfaction among Hungarian physicians.
Cross-sectional study with 219 female and 201 male physicians using self-report questionnaires.
As hypothesized, female physicians reported significantly higher level of work-family conflict compared to male physicians (3.0 (SD 0.9) vs. 2.6 (SD 0.9); t (df): -3.8 (418); p < 0.001). Furthermore, more female than male physicians experienced work-family conflict often or extremely often [56% vs. 41%, respectively; chi 2 (df) = 9.3 (1); p < 0.01]. Significantly fewer women (55%) than men (66%) reported high levels of job satisfaction [chi 2 (df) = 4.8 (1), p < 0.05]. Similarly, significantly more female physicians (13%) experienced high level of job dissatisfaction compared to men (6%) [chi 2 (df) = 4.7 (1), p < 0.05]. Linear regression analyses showed that work-family conflict predicts job dissatisfaction among female and all physicians (beta = -0.17, 95% CI -0.31 - -0.04 and beta = -0.14, 95% CI -0.22 - -0.04, respectively).
These results show that the level and prevalence of work-family conflict experienced by female physicians in Hungary is significantly higher than that among male physicians. Furthermore, these findings suggest that work-family conflict as a stressor may contribute to the development of job dissatisfaction and hence may adversely impact the well-being of female and male physicians and consequently the quality of patient care.
由于匈牙利社会以家庭为中心的性质以及女性在医疗行业中所占比例较高，经历工作与家庭冲突的女医生可能多于男医生。作者推测，工作与家庭冲突可能会降低女医生的工作满意度。然而，关于工作与家庭冲突的发生率、工作不满以及它们在女医生中的关联的信息有限。
探讨匈牙利医生中工作与家庭冲突的发生率及其与工作不满的关系。
采用自我报告问卷对219名女医生和201名男医生进行横断面研究。
如所推测，与男医生相比，女医生报告的工作与家庭冲突水平显著更高（3.0（标准差0.9）对2.6（标准差0.9）；t（自由度）：-3.8（418）；p<0.001）。此外，经历工作与家庭冲突经常或极其频繁的女医生多于男医生[分别为56%对41%；卡方（自由度）=9.3（1）；p<0.01]。报告高度工作满意度的女性（55%）明显少于男性（66%）[卡方（自由度）=4.8（1），p<0.05]。同样，与男性（6%）相比，经历高度工作不满的女医生明显更多（13%）[卡方（自由度）=4.7（1），p<0.05]。线性回归分析表明，工作与家庭冲突可预测女医生和所有医生的工作不满（β=-0.17，95%置信区间-0.31至-0.04和β=-0.14，95%置信区间-0.22至-0.04）。
这些结果表明，匈牙利女医生经历的工作与家庭冲突的水平和发生率显著高于男医生。此外，这些发现表明，工作与家庭冲突作为一种压力源可能导致工作不满的产生，从而可能对女医生和男医生的幸福感产生不利影响，进而影响患者护理质量。
