Eliakim Alon, Portal Shawn, Zadik Zvi, Rabinowitz Jonathan, Adler-Portal Dana, Cooper Dan M, Zaldivar Frank, Nemet Dan
Pediatric Department, Child Health and Sport Center, Meir Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Aug;23(5):1553-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181aa1bcb.
The effect of a single exercise as well as exercise training on the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) axis and inflammatory cytokines was studied mainly in adults participating in individualized endurance-type sports. The gender-specific effect of exercise on these systems in adolescents is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a typical volleyball practice on anabolic (GH, IGF-I, and testosterone) and catabolic hormones (cortisol) and inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6 [IL-6]) in elite, national team level, male (n = 14) and female (n = 13) adolescent volleyball players (13-18 years, Tanner stage 4-5). Exercise consisted of a typical 1-hour volleyball practice. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after the practice. Exercise led to significant increases in GH (0.2 +/- 0.1 to 2.7 +/- 0.7 and 1.7 +/- 0.5 to 6.4 +/- 1.4 ng x mL, in men and women, respectively, p < 0.05 for both), testosterone (6.1 +/- 0.9 to 7.3 +/- 1.0 and 2.4 +/- 0.6 to 3.3 +/- 0.7 ng x mL, in men and women, respectively, p < 0.05 for both), and IL-6 (1.1 +/- 0.6 to 3.1 +/- 1.5 and 1.2 +/- 0.5 to 2.5 +/- 1.1 pg x mL, in men and women, respectively, p < 0.002 for both). Exercise had no significant effect on IGF-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and cortisol levels. There were no gender differences in the hormonal response to training. Changes in GH and testosterone after the volleyball practice suggest exercise-related anabolic adaptations. The increase in IL-6 may indicate its important role in muscle tissue repair. These changes may serve as an objective quantitative tool to monitor training intensity in unique occasions in team sports.
以往主要在参与个体化耐力型运动的成年人中研究单次运动以及运动训练对生长激素（GH）-胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-I）轴和炎性细胞因子的影响。运动对青少年这些系统的性别特异性影响尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是评估一次典型的排球训练对精英级、国家队水平的13 - 18岁（坦纳4 - 5期）男性（n = 14）和女性（n = 13）青少年排球运动员合成代谢激素（GH、IGF-I和睾酮）、分解代谢激素（皮质醇）和炎性介质（白细胞介素-6 [IL-6]）的影响。运动内容为一次典型的1小时排球训练。在训练前和训练结束后即刻采集血样。运动导致GH显著升高（男性从0.2±0.1增至2.7±0.7 ng/mL，女性从1.7±0.5增至6.4±1.4 ng/mL，两者p均<0.05）、睾酮显著升高（男性从6.1±0.9增至7.3±1.0 ng/mL，女性从2.4±0.6增至3.3±0.7 ng/mL，两者p均<0.05）以及IL-6显著升高（男性从1.1±0.6增至3.1±1.5 pg/mL，女性从1.2±0.5增至2.5±1.1 pg/mL，两者p均<0.002）。运动对IGF-I、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3和皮质醇水平无显著影响。训练的激素反应不存在性别差异。排球训练后GH和睾酮的变化提示与运动相关的合成代谢适应。IL-6的升高可能表明其在肌肉组织修复中的重要作用。这些变化可作为一种客观定量工具，用于在团队运动的特殊情况下监测训练强度。
