1Pediatric Department, Child Health and Sport Center, Meir Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 2School of Nutritional Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; and 3Zinman College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at the Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Nov;27(11):3110-5. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828d61d1.
We examined the effect of training on hormonal and inflammatory response to a single volleyball practice in elite adolescent players. Thirteen female, national team level, Israeli volleyball players (age 16.0 ± 1.4 years, Tanner stage 4-5) participated in the study. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after a typical 60 minutes of volleyball practice, before and after 7 weeks of training during the initial phase of the season. Training involved tactic and technical drills (20% of time), power and speed drills (25% of time), interval sessions (25% of time), endurance-type training (15% of time), and resistance training (15% of time). To achieve greater training responses, the study was performed during the early phase (first 7 weeks) of the volleyball season. Hormonal measurements included the anabolic hormones growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3, the catabolic hormone cortisol, the proinflammatory marker interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the anti-inflammatory marker IL-1 receptor antagonist. Training led to a significant improvement of vertical jump, anaerobic properties (peak and mean power by the Wingate Anaerobic Test), and predicted VO2max (by the 20-m shuttle run). Volleyball practice, both before and after the training intervention, was associated with a significant increase of serum lactate, GH, and IL-6. Training resulted in a significantly reduced cortisol response ([INCREMENT]cortisol: 4.2 ± 13.7 vs. -4.4 ± 12.3 ng · ml, before and after training, respectively; p < 0.02), and IL-6 response ([INCREMENT]IL-6: 1.3 ± 1.0 vs. 0.3 ± 0.4 pg · ml, before and after training, respectively; p < 0.01) to the same relative intensity volleyball practice. The results suggest that along with the improvement of power and anaerobic and aerobic characteristics, training reduces the catabolic and inflammatory response to exercise.
我们研究了训练对精英青少年排球运动员单次排球练习的激素和炎症反应的影响。13 名以色列女排国家队（年龄 16.0 ± 1.4 岁，Tanner 分期 4-5 期）的女性运动员参与了这项研究。在赛季初期的 7 周训练前后，在典型的 60 分钟排球练习前后，采集了血液样本。训练包括战术和技术训练（20%的时间）、力量和速度训练（25%的时间）、间歇训练（25%的时间）、耐力训练（15%的时间）和阻力训练（15%的时间）。为了获得更大的训练反应，本研究在排球赛季的早期（前 7 周）进行。激素测量包括合成代谢激素生长激素（GH）、胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）和 IGF 结合蛋白-3、分解代谢激素皮质醇、促炎标志物白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和抗炎标志物白细胞介素-1 受体拮抗剂。训练导致垂直跳跃、无氧性能（通过无氧测试的 Wingate 峰值和平均功率）和预测的最大摄氧量（通过 20 米穿梭跑）的显著提高。在训练干预前后，排球练习均与血清乳酸、GH 和 IL-6 的显著增加有关。训练导致皮质醇反应（增量皮质醇：分别为 4.2 ± 13.7 和-4.4 ± 12.3 ng·ml；p < 0.02）和 IL-6 反应（增量 IL-6：分别为 1.3 ± 1.0 和 0.3 ± 0.4 pg·ml；p < 0.01）显著降低，相对于相同的相对强度排球练习。结果表明，随着力量和无氧和有氧能力的提高，训练可降低运动后的分解代谢和炎症反应。
