Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL, UK.
Brain Cogn. 2010 Feb;72(1):134-45. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2009.06.008. Epub 2009 Jul 22.
Recent structural and functional imaging studies have provided evidence for continued development of brain regions involved in social cognition during adolescence. In this paper, we review this rapidly expanding area of neuroscience and describe models of neurocognitive development that have emerged recently. One implication of these models is that neural development underlies commonly observed adolescent phenomena such as susceptibility to peer influence and sensitivity to peer rejection. Experimental behavioural evidence of rejection sensitivity in adolescence is currently sparse. Here, we describe a study that directly compared the affective consequences of an experimental ostracism manipulation (Cyberball) in female adolescents and adults. The ostracism condition led to significantly greater affective consequences in the adolescents compared with adults. This suggests that the ability to regulate distress resulting from ostracism continues to develop between adolescence and adulthood. The results are discussed in the context of models of neurocognitive development.
最近的结构和功能影像学研究为青少年时期参与社会认知的大脑区域的持续发展提供了证据。在本文中，我们回顾了这一迅速发展的神经科学领域，并描述了最近出现的神经认知发展模型。这些模型的一个含义是，神经发育是青少年时期常见现象（如易受同伴影响和对同伴拒绝的敏感）的基础。目前，关于青少年时期拒绝敏感性的实验行为证据还很缺乏。在这里，我们描述了一项直接比较女性青少年和成年人在实验性排斥操作（Cyberball）中情感后果的研究。与成年人相比，排斥条件导致青少年的情感后果显著更大。这表明，青少年和成年期之间继续发展出调节排斥所带来的痛苦的能力。结果在神经认知发展模型的背景下进行了讨论。
