Disciplina de Neurologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Rua Botucatu, 862, Edifício Leal Prado, CEP 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2009 Oct;81(4):241-5. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2009.06.008. Epub 2009 Jul 22.
People with schizophrenia show a two- to three-fold increased risk to die prematurely. Mortality is accounted for by a combination of factors (patients' life style, suicide, premature cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndromes and, not so often mentioned, sudden death). The cause of sudden death in schizophrenia is unknown, but cardiac arrhythmia plays a potential role. Patients with schizophrenia are at high risk for cardiovascular disease, and some antipsychotics may be associated with cardiovascular adverse events (e.g., electrocardiograph QT interval prolongation), suggesting that this could lead to sudden cardiac death. Animal and clinical studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids could be useful in the prevention and treatment of schizophrenia. As omega-3 fatty acids have been considered a cardioprotector agent, reducing cardiac arrhythmias and hence sudden cardiac deaths and given their relative safety and general health benefits, our update article summarizes the knowledge by the possible positive effects of omega-3 supplementation and fish consumption against sudden cardiac death in patients with schizophrenia. However, fish species should be selected with caution due to contamination with toxic methylmercury.
精神分裂症患者过早死亡的风险增加了两到三倍。死亡率由多种因素共同导致（患者的生活方式、自杀、过早发生心血管疾病、代谢综合征，以及不常被提及的猝死）。精神分裂症猝死的原因尚不清楚，但心律失常可能起潜在作用。精神分裂症患者患心血管疾病的风险很高，一些抗精神病药物可能与心血管不良事件相关（例如，心电图 QT 间期延长），这表明这可能导致心源性猝死。动物和临床研究表明，ω-3 脂肪酸可能有助于预防和治疗精神分裂症。由于 ω-3 脂肪酸被认为是一种心脏保护剂，可以减少心律失常，从而减少心源性猝死，并且具有相对安全性和一般健康益处，我们的更新文章总结了 ω-3 补充剂和鱼类摄入可能对精神分裂症患者心源性猝死产生积极影响的相关知识。但是，由于鱼类可能受到有毒甲基汞的污染，因此应谨慎选择鱼类品种。
