Tuveson R W, Wang G R, Wang T P, Kagan J
Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 61801.
Photochem Photobiol. 1990 Nov;52(5):993-1002. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb01816.x.
Anthracene is a photodynamic compound in vitro. In the presence of oxygen, it is known to generate singlet oxygen and participate in Type II reactions. In aqueous solution, it also participates in Type I reactions, such as in the photoreduction of cytochrome c, which can be suppressed by superoxide dismutase. In argon, direct photoreduction of cytochrome c also takes place. Anthracene induces the photodynamic hemolysis of human erythrocytes and inactivates Escherichia coli cells photodynamically. By using a series of E. coli strains differing in DNA repair capabilities and catalase proficiency, sensitivity to inactivation by anthracene plus NUV was correlated with catalase deficiency rather than with particular repair deficiencies. The fact that carotenoid genes cloned and expressed in E. coli offered partial protection suggests that the membrane may be one possible target for inactivation by anthracene plus NUV. Anthracene plus NUV inactivated Haemophilus influenzae transforming DNA and led to nicking of supercoiled pBR322 DNA in vitro. In vivo, therefore, anthracene is a phototoxic molecule whose cytotoxicity could be the result of damage to more than one target.
蒽在体外是一种光动力化合物。在有氧存在的情况下，已知它会产生单线态氧并参与II型反应。在水溶液中，它也参与I型反应，例如细胞色素c的光还原反应，该反应可被超氧化物歧化酶抑制。在氩气中，细胞色素c也会发生直接光还原反应。蒽可诱导人红细胞的光动力溶血，并使大肠杆菌细胞发生光动力失活。通过使用一系列DNA修复能力和过氧化氢酶活性不同的大肠杆菌菌株，发现对蒽加近紫外光失活的敏感性与过氧化氢酶缺乏有关，而不是与特定的修复缺陷有关。在大肠杆菌中克隆并表达的类胡萝卜素基因提供了部分保护，这一事实表明细胞膜可能是蒽加近紫外光失活的一个可能靶点。蒽加近紫外光可使流感嗜血杆菌转化DNA失活，并导致体外超螺旋pBR322 DNA产生切口。因此，在体内，蒽是一种光毒性分子，其细胞毒性可能是对多个靶点造成损伤的结果。
