Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Section Biocompatibility and Biomaterials University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2009 Nov;91(2):957-963. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.31481.
An oroantral communication (OAC) is an open connection between the oral cavity and maxillary sinus. Closure of OACs is commonly performed with a surgical procedure using a mucoperiosteal flap. An alternative technique using synthetic biodegradable polyurethane (PU) foam for closure of OACs is presented. This PU foam is composed of hard urethane segments, and soft segments made of D/L lactide (50/50), epsilon-caprolactone, and 5% polyethyleneglycol (PEG). To evaluate the use of PU foam for this application, OACs were created in the edentulous part of the maxilla in 21 rabbits, after which PU foams were fitted in the defects. Results showed complete healing of the oral mucosa after 4-10 weeks, healing of the antral mucosal lining after 6 months and complete bony regeneration after 1 year. No reopening of the defects occurred and no maxillary sinusitis was observed. Degradation of the PU foam had not yet reached completion 1 year after implantation. In conclusion, PU foam with 5% PEG provides adequate closure of an OAC in the rabbit model to support healing of the oral and maxillary sinus mucosa. Longer time intervals are needed to assess the complete degradation of the PU foam.
口腔上颌窦交通（OAC）是口腔与上颌窦之间的开放连接。通常使用带蒂黏膜骨瓣手术来关闭 OAC。本文提出了一种使用合成可生物降解的聚氨基甲酸酯（PU）泡沫来关闭 OAC 的替代技术。这种 PU 泡沫由硬氨酯段和软段组成，软段由 D/L 丙交酯（50/50）、ε-己内酯和 5%聚乙二醇（PEG）组成。为了评估 PU 泡沫在这种应用中的使用效果，在 21 只兔子的上颌无牙部分创建了 OAC，然后将 PU 泡沫填充在缺陷处。结果表明，口腔黏膜在 4-10 周后完全愈合，窦黏膜衬里在 6 个月后愈合，1 年后完全骨再生。没有出现缺陷重新开放的情况，也没有观察到上颌窦炎。植入后 1 年，PU 泡沫的降解尚未完成。总之，在兔模型中，5%PEG 的 PU 泡沫能够充分封闭 OAC，从而支持口腔和上颌窦黏膜的愈合。需要更长的时间间隔来评估 PU 泡沫的完全降解。
