Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue de Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Appl Ergon. 2010 Jan;41(1):130-40. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2009.06.003. Epub 2009 Jul 25.
An empirical study examined the impact of user expertise and prototype fidelity on the outcomes of a usability test. User expertise (expert vs. novice) and prototype fidelity (paper prototype, 3D mock-up, and fully operational appliance) were manipulated as independent variables in a 2x3 between-subjects design. Employing a floor scrubber as a model product, 48 users carried out several cleaning tasks. Usability problems identified by participants were recorded. Furthermore, performance, system management strategies and perceived usability were measured. The results showed that experts reported more usability problems than novices but these were considered to be less severe than those reported by novices. Reduced fidelity prototypes were generally suitable to predict product usability of the real appliance. The implications for the running of usability tests are specific to the fidelity of the prototype.
一项实证研究考察了用户专业知识和原型保真度对可用性测试结果的影响。用户专业知识（专家与新手）和原型保真度（纸质原型、3D 模型和全功能样机）作为独立变量，在 2x3 的被试间设计中进行了操纵。以地板擦洗器为模型产品，48 名用户完成了几项清洁任务。参与者记录下发现的可用性问题。此外，还测量了性能、系统管理策略和感知可用性。结果表明，专家报告的可用性问题比新手多，但他们认为这些问题比新手报告的问题不那么严重。低保真原型通常适合预测真实设备的产品可用性。这些发现对可用性测试的运行具有特定的原型保真度意义。
