University of Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2009 Oct;169 Suppl 1:S38-41. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2009.07.017. Epub 2009 Jul 25.
The cardiovascular system undergoes major changes in stress with space flight primarily related to the elimination of the head-to-foot gravitational force. A major observation has been that the central venous pressure is not elevated early in space flight yet stroke volume is increased at least early in flight. Recent observations demonstrate that heart rate remains lower during the normal daily activities of space flight compared to Earth-based conditions. Structural and functional adaptations occur in the vascular system that could result in impaired response with demands of physical exertion and return to Earth. Cardiac muscle mass is reduced after flight and contractile function may be altered. Regular and specific countermeasures are essential to maintain cardiovascular health during long-duration space flight.
心血管系统在太空飞行的压力下会发生重大变化，主要与消除头到脚的重力有关。一个主要的观察结果是，中心静脉压在太空飞行的早期并没有升高，而每搏输出量至少在飞行早期增加。最近的观察表明，与基于地球的条件相比，在太空飞行的正常日常活动中，心率仍然较低。血管系统会发生结构和功能上的适应性变化，这可能导致在进行体力活动和返回地球时，对需求的反应受损。飞行后心肌质量减少，收缩功能可能发生改变。在长时间的太空飞行中，保持心血管健康，必须采取有规律和具体的对策。
