Fisher Jason T, Mekjavic Igor B, Ciuha Urša
Department of Automatics, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
International Postgraduate School Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
NPJ Microgravity. 2025 Aug 12;11(1):55. doi: 10.1038/s41526-025-00516-6.
Development of countermeasures to minimise spaceflight deconditioning is of paramount importance, such as the short-arm human centrifuge (SAHC); however, sex differences in cardiovascular responses should be considered. 20 participants (female = 10, male = 10) conducted an identical centrifugation protocol of 10-min phases of standing (NG), 1Gz centrifugation (1GRF), and 2Gz centrifugation (2GRF). Separated by 10-min each in hot (29.1 ± 0.8 °C) conditions, and either normoxia (PO = 133 mmHg) or hypoxia (PO = 92 mmHg). Haemodynamics, microvascular blood flow (arm and leg) and temperatures (skin and gastrointestinal) were continuously recorded. At 2GRF, females lasted 2.7 ± 1.6 min less than males. Arm blood flow significantly decreased, and leg blood flow increased, in 2GRF (p > 0.001); with higher female leg blood flow in 2GRF (p = 0.002). 2GRF altered all haemodynamic variables and females exhibited significantly higher heart rate, and lower stroke volume index (p < 0.001). Female participants exhibited greater cardiovascular strain, and encountered pre-syncopal symptoms earlier, during 2GRF. Future research should consider individualised and tolerable gravitational loads.
制定对策以尽量减少太空飞行引起的身体机能衰退至关重要，比如短臂离心机（SAHC）；然而，应考虑心血管反应中的性别差异。20名参与者（女性 = 10名，男性 = 10名）进行了相同的离心方案，包括10分钟的站立阶段（NG）、1Gz离心阶段（1GRF）和2Gz离心阶段（2GRF）。在炎热（29.1 ± 0.8°C）条件下，每个阶段间隔10分钟，分别处于常氧（PO = 133 mmHg）或低氧（PO = 92 mmHg）环境。持续记录血流动力学、微血管血流量（手臂和腿部）以及温度（皮肤和胃肠道）。在2GRF时，女性比男性持续时间短2.7 ± 1.6分钟。在2GRF时，手臂血流量显著下降，腿部血流量增加（p > 0.001）；在2GRF时女性腿部血流量更高（p = 0.002）。2GRF改变了所有血流动力学变量，女性的心率显著更高，每搏输出量指数更低（p < 0.001）。在2GRF期间，女性参与者表现出更大的心血管压力，且更早出现晕厥前症状。未来的研究应考虑个体化且可耐受的重力负荷。
