Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60626, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2009 Apr;38(4):587-601. doi: 10.1007/s10964-008-9336-1. Epub 2008 Oct 11.
Using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), this cross-sectional study examined mediated and moderated associations between different types of discretionary time activities and depressive symptoms and delinquency among a sample of 246 (107 boys, 139 girls) fifth through eighth grade urban African American adolescents. More time spent in passive unstructured activities was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms only for adolescents residing in less dangerous neighborhoods, whereas more time spent in active unstructured activities was associated with higher levels of delinquency only if adolescents resided in more dangerous neighborhoods. Alienation was positively associated with depressive symptoms and delinquency, but neither alienation nor positive affect mediated the relationship between activities and adjustment. These findings suggest the importance of considering neighborhood environment issues when determining what types of discretionary time activities are most beneficial for urban African American young adolescents.
本横断面研究采用经验采样法（ESM），考察了不同类型的自由支配时间活动与城市非洲裔美国青少年抑郁症状和行为失范之间的中介和调节关系，该研究样本包括 246 名青少年（男生 107 人，女生 139 人），年龄在五至八年级。对于居住在治安较差社区的青少年而言，被动无组织活动时间的增加与抑郁症状的严重程度呈正相关；而对于居住在治安较好社区的青少年而言，积极无组织活动时间的增加与行为失范的严重程度呈正相关。青少年的疏离感与抑郁症状和行为失范呈正相关，但活动与调整之间的关系既不受疏离感也不受积极情感的影响。这些发现表明，在确定哪些类型的自由支配时间活动对城市非洲裔美国青少年最有益时，考虑邻里环境问题非常重要。
