Theran Sally A
Department of Psychology, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2009 Sep;38(8):1027-37. doi: 10.1007/s10964-008-9340-5. Epub 2008 Oct 2.
The current study empirically examined predictors of level of voice (ethnicity, attachment, and gender role socialization) in a diverse sample of 108 14-year-old girls. Structural equation modeling results indicated that parental attachment predicted level of voice with authority figures, and gender role socialization predicted level of voice with authority figures and peers. Both masculinity and femininity were salient for higher levels of voice with authority figures whereas higher scores on masculinity contributed to higher levels of voice with peers. These findings suggest that, contrary to previous theoretical work, femininity itself is not a risk factor for low levels of voice. In addition, African-American girls had higher levels of voice with teachers and classmates than did Caucasian girls, and girls who were in a school with a greater concentration of ethnic minorities had higher levels of voice with peers than did girls at a school with fewer minority students.
本研究以108名14岁女孩的多样化样本为对象，实证检验了声音水平的预测因素（种族、依恋和性别角色社会化）。结构方程模型结果表明，父母依恋预测了与权威人物的声音水平，而性别角色社会化预测了与权威人物和同伴的声音水平。阳刚气质和阴柔气质对于与权威人物的较高声音水平都很显著，而阳刚气质得分较高有助于与同伴的较高声音水平。这些发现表明，与之前的理论研究相反，阴柔气质本身并非声音水平低的风险因素。此外，非裔美国女孩与教师和同学的声音水平高于白人女孩，且就读于少数民族学生更集中学校的女孩与同伴的声音水平高于少数民族学生较少学校的女孩。
