Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Cult Health Sex. 2010 Jan;12(1):15-27. doi: 10.1080/13691050903082461.
Male sexuality in Africa is often associated with harmful sexual practices, which, in the context of HIV and AIDS, often positions men as central to the spread of the epidemic. Despite this focus on men's practices, there is a lack of research exploring the subject positions of men living with HIV. This study explores how masculinity is constructed by a group of black South African men who self-identify as heterosexual and are living with HIV. Using discourse analysis, a construction of a normative masculinity is identified as being both idealised and perceived as a burden, in that men continually need to engage in actions that affirm their position as 'real' men. By depicting men as invulnerable and unemotional, this construction limits men from acknowledging health risks or accessing support. A second discourse constructs HIV and AIDS as disrupting normative masculinity, in that it restricts men's agency through illness and the need for care. A final discourse relates to a transformed masculinity, where men living with HIV reconstruct their masculinity, as conforming to normative constructions of male identity is perceived as restrictive and harmful.
非洲男性的性行为常常与有害的性行为方式联系在一起，而在 HIV 和艾滋病的背景下，这些行为方式往往使男性成为该传染病传播的核心。尽管关注的焦点是男性的行为方式，但缺乏研究来探讨感染 HIV 的男性的主体地位。本研究探讨了一群自我认同为异性恋且感染了 HIV 的南非黑人男性是如何构建男子气概的。通过话语分析，确定了一种规范性的男子气概，这种男子气概既被理想化，又被视为一种负担，因为男性需要不断采取行动来肯定自己作为“真正”男性的地位。通过将男性描绘成坚不可摧和无动于衷，这种构建限制了男性承认健康风险或寻求支持的能力。第二种话语将 HIV 和艾滋病构建为破坏规范性男子气概的因素，因为疾病和需要护理限制了男性的能动性。最后一种话语涉及到一种转变了的男子气概，即感染 HIV 的男性重建他们的男子气概，因为符合男性身份的规范性构建被认为是限制和有害的。
