Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamimachi Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(4):258-67. doi: 10.1159/000229506. Epub 2009 Jul 27.
This study was conducted to compare the differences in adipocytokines and fatty acid composition between two fraction sizes of small and large cells from subcutaneous and visceral fat of mice receiving a high-fat diet (HFD).
Body weight, blood glucose and cholesterol levels, and adipocyte diameter distribution were examined. Total adipocyte fractions could be separated into the small-cell fraction (SCF) and the large-cell fraction (LCF). Adipocytokine expression, fatty acid composition and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) expression were compared between SCF and LCF.
In HFD mice, body weight, glucose and cholesterol levels were significantly higher than in NCD mice. The adipocyte diameter of HFD mice continuously increased throughout the feeding period regardless of the fat depot. The expression of adipocytokine genes such as angiotensinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, adipsin, leptin, TNF-alpha and adiponectin was higher in LCF than SCF. The ratio of stearic acid to the total fatty acid content was lower in SCF than LCF, whereas oleic acid composition was higher in LCF. SCD expression was higher in LCF than SCF.
Our results indicate that large adipocytes strongly express adipocytokine genes and show high oleic acid composition via SCD upregulation. Based on these findings, the differences in fatty acid composition between adipocyte sizes may be related to adipocytokine expression.
本研究旨在比较高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养的小鼠皮下和内脏脂肪中小细胞（SC）和大细胞（LC）两个亚群的细胞因子和脂肪酸组成的差异。
检测体重、血糖和胆固醇水平以及脂肪细胞直径分布。总脂肪细胞可分为小细胞（SCF）和大细胞（LCF）。比较 SCF 和 LCF 之间的细胞因子表达、脂肪酸组成和硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶（SCD）表达。
在 HFD 小鼠中，体重、葡萄糖和胆固醇水平明显高于 NCD 小鼠。无论脂肪库如何，HFD 小鼠的脂肪细胞直径在整个喂养期间都持续增加。血管紧张素原、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1、脂联素、瘦素、TNF-α和脂联素等脂肪细胞因子基因的表达在 LCF 中高于 SCF。SCF 中的硬脂酸与总脂肪酸含量的比例低于 LCF，而 LCF 中的油酸组成较高。SCD 表达在 LCF 中高于 SCF。
我们的结果表明，大脂肪细胞通过 SCD 上调强烈表达脂肪细胞因子，并表现出高油酸组成。基于这些发现，脂肪细胞大小之间的脂肪酸组成差异可能与脂肪细胞因子表达有关。
