Exercise and Metabolic Disease Research Laboratory, Translational Sciences Section, School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Compr Physiol. 2013 Jan;3(1):1-58. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c110062.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a collection of cardiometabolic risk factors that includes obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Although there has been significant debate regarding the criteria and concept of the syndrome, this clustering of risk factors is unequivocally linked to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Regardless of the true definition, based on current population estimates, nearly 100 million have MS. It is often characterized by insulin resistance, which some have suggested is a major underpinning link between physical inactivity and MS. The purpose of this review is to: (i) provide an overview of the history, causes and clinical aspects of MS, (ii) review the molecular mechanisms of insulin action and the causes of insulin resistance, and (iii) discuss the epidemiological and intervention data on the effects of exercise on MS and insulin sensitivity.
代谢综合征（MS）是一组与心血管代谢危险因素相关的病症，包括肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、高血压和血脂异常。尽管对于该综合征的标准和概念一直存在很大的争议，但这些危险因素的聚集无疑与 2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病风险的增加有关。无论真正的定义如何，根据目前的人口估计，近 1 亿人患有代谢综合征。它通常以胰岛素抵抗为特征，有人认为这是身体活动不足与代谢综合征之间的主要潜在联系。本综述的目的是：（i）概述代谢综合征的历史、病因和临床方面；（ii）综述胰岛素作用的分子机制和胰岛素抵抗的原因；（iii）讨论关于运动对代谢综合征和胰岛素敏感性影响的流行病学和干预数据。
