Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108-1038, USA.
Appetite. 2009 Dec;53(3):363-9. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.07.019. Epub 2009 Jul 28.
This study compared the effect of whole grain high-fiber barley, whole grain wheat and refined rice-based foods on energy intake and satiety. Forty-seven healthy subjects consumed a breakfast of hot cereal and a snack mix containing either barley, wheat, or refined rice, followed by an ad libitum smorgasbord lunch using a crossover design. Energy intake was measured at the lunch using plate waste. Hunger, fullness, desire to eat, amount of food consumed, and thirst were assessed using a modified Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the breakfast, snack and lunch. Energy intake at lunch did not differ among products. There were no differences in the area under the time curve in modified VAS scores among products for any parameter. However, subjects reported significantly less hunger before lunch compared to their hunger before breakfast when consuming the barley, but there was no significant reduction in hunger before lunch after consumption of wheat or rice. In conclusion, intake of a whole grain high-fiber barley, whole grain wheat, or refined rice breakfast and snack did not decrease energy intake acutely, but consumption of whole grain high-fiber barley foods significantly decreased hunger whereas whole wheat and refined rice foods did not.
本研究比较了全谷物高纤维大麦、全谷物小麦和精制米基食品对能量摄入和饱腹感的影响。47 名健康受试者采用交叉设计，食用热谷类早餐和含有大麦、小麦或精制米的零食混合物，然后自由食用自助午餐。午餐时使用餐盘剩余物来测量能量摄入。使用改良后的视觉模拟量表（VAS）在早餐、零食和午餐前后评估饥饿感、饱腹感、食欲、食物摄入量和口渴感。午餐时的能量摄入在产品之间没有差异。对于任何参数，产品之间的改良 VAS 评分时间曲线下面积没有差异。然而，与早餐相比，食用大麦时，受试者在午餐前报告的饥饿感明显减轻，但食用小麦或大米后，午餐前的饥饿感没有明显减轻。总之，摄入全谷物高纤维大麦、全谷物小麦或精制米早餐和零食并没有急性地减少能量摄入，但食用全谷物高纤维大麦食物显著减少了饥饿感，而全谷物小麦和精制米食物则没有。
