Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Unit 3125, 91 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3125, USA.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2009 Dec;59(Pt 12):2991-3000. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.008045-0. Epub 2009 Jul 30.
A novel thermophilic, heterotrophic bacterium, strain TBF 19.5.1(T), was isolated from oil production fluid at the Troll B oil platform in the North Sea. Cells of strain TBF 19.5.1(T) were non-motile rods with a sheath-like structure, or toga. The strain was Gram-negative and grew at 20-80 degrees C (optimum 65 degrees C), pH 5.5-8.0 (optimum pH 6.8) and NaCl concentrations of 10-60 g l(-1) (optimum 25-30 g l(-1)). For a member of the order Thermotogales, the novel isolate is capable of unprecedented growth at low temperatures, with an optimal doubling time of 175 min (specific growth rate 0.24 h(-1)) and a final optical density of >1.4 when grown on pyruvate at 37 degrees C. Various carbohydrates, proteinaceous compounds and pyruvate served as growth substrates. Thiosulfate, but not elemental sulfur, enhanced growth of the isolate. Sulfate also enhanced growth, but sulfide was not produced. The strain grew in the presence of up to approximately 15 % oxygen, but only if cysteine was included in the medium. Growth of the isolate was inhibited by acetate, lactate and propionate, while butanol and malate prevented growth. The major fermentation products formed on maltose were hydrogen, carbon dioxide and acetic acid, with traces of ethanol and propionic acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S and 23S rRNA gene sequences as well as 29 protein-coding ORFs placed the strain within the bacterial order Thermotogales. Based on the phylogenetic analyses and the possession of a variety of physiological characteristics not previously found in any species of this order, it is proposed that the strain represents a novel species of a new genus within the family Thermotogaceae, order Thermotogales. The name Kosmotoga olearia gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Kosmotoga olearia is TBF 19.5.1(T) (=DSM 21960(T) =ATCC BAA-1733(T)).
从北海 Troll B 油田的采油液中分离到一株嗜热、异养细菌，命名为 TBF 19.5.1(T) 株。TBF 19.5.1(T) 株的细胞为无动力杆状，具有鞘状结构，或套膜。该菌株为革兰氏阴性菌，可在 20-80°C（最适温度 65°C）、pH5.5-8.0（最适 pH6.8）和 10-60g/L NaCl（最适 25-30g/L）浓度下生长。对于Thermotogales 目成员来说，新型分离株能够在低温下进行前所未有的生长，在 37°C 下以丙酮酸为唯一碳源时，其最佳倍增时间为 175min（比生长速率 0.24h-1），最终光密度值>1.4。各种碳水化合物、蛋白质化合物和丙酮酸均可作为生长基质。硫代硫酸盐，但不是元素硫，可增强分离株的生长。硫酸盐也可促进生长，但不会产生硫化物。该菌株在高达约 15%氧气的存在下生长，但前提是培养基中含有半胱氨酸。该分离株的生长受到乙酸盐、乳酸盐和丙酸盐的抑制，而丁醇和苹果酸盐可防止生长。在麦芽糖上形成的主要发酵产物为氢气、二氧化碳和乙酸，还有痕量的乙醇和丙酸。基因组 DNA 的 G+C 含量为 42.5mol%。16S 和 23S rRNA 基因序列以及 29 个蛋白编码 ORF 的系统发育分析将该菌株置于细菌 Thermotogales 目中。基于系统发育分析和该菌株具有该目中任何物种都未曾发现的各种生理特征，建议该菌株代表 Thermotogaceae 科 Thermotogales 目中的一个新属的新种。建议使用 Kosmotoga olearia 属名，种名。Kosmotoga olearia 的模式菌株为 TBF 19.5.1(T)（=DSM 21960(T)=ATCC BAA-1733(T)）。
