Günüşen N P, Ustün B
Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Dokuz Eylül University School of Nursing, Inciralti/Izmir, Turkey.
Int Nurs Rev. 2009 Jun;56(2):237-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00682.x.
Burnout is a serious problem among nurses. Programmes to prevent and reduce burnout have been described, but nurses report that they have difficulty attending such programmes and the dropout rate is substantial.
To investigate the perspectives of nurses on burnout and the barriers and facilitators affecting attendance at a burnout reduction programme offered in their institution.
A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 18 nurses who had volunteered to attend a burnout intervention programme at a University Hospital in Izmir, Turkey. Six of the nurses had not attended any sessions, six attended four or less of the seven and six attended all sessions. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Nurses attributed burnout to their heavy workload and a lack of recognition for their work. Most stated that they need work-directed rather than person-directed interventions to reduce stress and burnout. Attendance at the intervention programme was impeded by such issues as a perceived lack of institution support and the possibility of being seen by other nurses as unable to cope with stress.
Researchers planning burnout intervention programmes should consider ways of increasing cooperation between the administration and the staff that facilitate attendance at such programmes. A holistic approach involving work-directed and person-directed interventions is recommended.
职业倦怠是护士群体中一个严重的问题。虽然已经有预防和减少职业倦怠的项目，但护士们表示参加此类项目存在困难，且辍学率很高。
调查护士对职业倦怠的看法，以及影响她们参加所在机构提供的职业倦怠缓解项目的障碍和促进因素。
采用半结构式访谈对18名自愿参加土耳其伊兹密尔一家大学医院职业倦怠干预项目的护士进行了定性研究。其中6名护士未参加任何课程，6名护士参加了7节课程中的4节或更少，6名护士参加了所有课程。使用主题分析法对数据进行分析。
护士们将职业倦怠归因于工作量大以及工作未得到认可。大多数人表示，他们需要针对工作的而非针对个人的干预措施来减轻压力和职业倦怠。诸如感觉缺乏机构支持以及可能被其他护士视为无法应对压力等问题阻碍了她们参加干预项目。
计划开展职业倦怠干预项目的研究人员应考虑增加行政部门与工作人员之间合作的方法，以促进此类项目的参与度。建议采用一种包括针对工作和针对个人的干预措施的整体方法。
