University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, 2nd Floor Victoria Building, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE15WW, UK.
Diabet Med. 2009 May;26(5):560-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02716.x.
To review the working practices of UK diabetes specialist nurses (DSNs), specific clinical roles, and to examine changes since 2000.
Postal questionnaires were sent to lead DSNs from all identifiable UK diabetes centres (n = 361). Quantitative and qualitative data were collected on the specific clinical roles, employment, and continual professional development of hospital and community DSNs, Nurse Consultants and Diabetes Healthcare Assistants.
159 centres (44%) returned questionnaires. 78% and 76% of DSNs plan and deliver education sessions compared with 13% in 2000 with a wider range of topics and with less input from medical staff. 22% of DSNs have a formal role in diabetes research compared with 48% in 2000. 49% of Hospital DSNs, 56% of Community DSNs and 66% of Nurse Consultants are involved in prescribing. 55% of DSNs carry out pump training, 72% participate in ante-natal and 27% renal clinics. 90% of services have independent diabetes nurse-led clinics. 93% of services have a dedicated Paediatric DSN. The mean number of children under the care of each PDSN is 109 (mode 120), which exceeds Royal College of Nursing recommendations. 48% of DSNs have protected time for continuing professional development of staff and 15% have a protected budget. One third of DSNs are on short-term contracts funded by external sources.
The DSN role has evolved since 2000 to include complex service provision and responsibilities including specialist clinics, education of healthcare professionals and patients. The lack of substantive contracts and protected study leave may compromise these roles in the future.
回顾英国糖尿病专科护士（DSN）的工作实践，具体的临床角色，并检查自 2000 年以来的变化。
向所有可识别的英国糖尿病中心的首席 DSN（n=361）发送了邮寄问卷。收集了医院和社区 DSN、护士顾问和糖尿病保健助理的具体临床角色、就业和持续专业发展方面的定量和定性数据。
159 个中心（44%）返回了问卷。与 2000 年的 13%相比，78%和 76%的 DSN 计划和开展教育课程，涵盖了更广泛的主题，并且医疗人员的参与度更低。22%的 DSN 有糖尿病研究的正式角色，而 2000 年为 48%。49%的医院 DSN、56%的社区 DSN 和 66%的护士顾问参与处方。55%的 DSN 进行泵培训，72%参与产前和 27%的肾脏诊所。90%的服务都有独立的糖尿病护士主导的诊所。93%的服务都有专门的儿科 DSN。每位儿科 DSN 负责的儿童人数平均为 109 人（模式为 120 人），超过了皇家护理学院的建议。48%的 DSN 有专门的时间用于员工的持续专业发展，15%有专门的预算。三分之一的 DSN 签订的是短期合同，资金来自外部来源。
自 2000 年以来，DSN 角色已经发展，包括提供复杂的服务和责任，包括专科诊所、医疗保健专业人员和患者的教育。缺乏实质性的合同和受保护的学习休假可能会在未来影响这些角色。
