Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California at Davis, CA, USA.
Patient Educ Couns. 2009 Sep;76(3):356-60. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2009.07.022. Epub 2009 Aug 3.
This paper discusses the research focused on gender issues in healthcare communication.
The majority of papers discussed here are based on a research study in which 509 new adult patients were prospectively and randomly assigned to family practice or internal medicine clinics at a university medical center and followed for one year of care.
There are significant differences in the practice style behaviors of female and male doctors. Female doctors provide more preventive services and psychosocial counseling; male doctors spend more time on technical practice behaviors, such as medical history taking and physical examination. The patients of female doctors are more satisfied, even after adjusting for patient characteristics and physician practice style. Female patients make more medical visits and have higher total annual medical charges; their visits include more preventive services, less physical examination, and fewer discussions about tobacco, alcohol and other substance abuse (controlling for health status and sociodemographic variables). The examination of gender concordant and discordant doctor-patient dyads provides a unique strategy for assessing the effect of gender on what takes place during the medical visit.
Doctor and patient gender can impact the physician-patient interaction and its outcomes.
The development of appropriate strategies for the implementation of knowledge about physician and patient gender differences will be crucial for the delivery of high quality gender-sensitive healthcare.
本文探讨了医疗保健沟通中性别问题的研究。
这里讨论的大多数论文都是基于一项研究，该研究前瞻性地随机将 509 名新成年患者分配到大学医疗中心的家庭实践或内科诊所，并进行为期一年的护理。
男女医生的实践行为方式存在显著差异。女医生提供更多的预防服务和心理社会咨询；男医生在病史采集和体检等技术实践行为上花费更多时间。即使在调整了患者特征和医生实践方式后，女医生的患者满意度更高。女患者就诊次数更多，年总医疗费用更高；她们的就诊包括更多的预防服务，更少的体检，以及更少的关于烟草、酒精和其他物质滥用的讨论（控制健康状况和社会人口变量）。检查性别一致和不一致的医患二人组为评估性别对医疗访问期间发生的事情的影响提供了一种独特的策略。
医生和患者的性别会影响医患互动及其结果。
制定关于医生和患者性别差异的知识的适当实施策略，对于提供高质量的性别敏感的医疗保健至关重要。
