Zahariev T, Anastassov V, Girov K, Goranova E, Grozdinski L, Kniajev V, Stankev M
Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital St. Ekaterina, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Int Angiol. 2009 Aug;28(4):303-10.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for chronic venous disease (CVD) in the Bulgarian adult population seeking medical help from general practitioners.
The design was a cross-sectional descriptive survey. Each general practitioner (GP) enrolled 50 consecutive patients aged 18 and over attending for a routine consultation. A subsample of these patients was reappraised by a group of specialists to confirm the GPs diagnosis.
A total of 576 GPs selected 26 785 subjects to participate in the survey. In the GP survey, 11 724 subjects (44%) were found to be suffering from CVD. Specialist reappraisal of a subset of 373 subjects confirmed the initial diagnosis in 91.2% of cases. CVD was more prevalent in females (51%) than in males (32%) (P<0.0001) and prevalence increased with age and body mass index.
Heavy legs, pain in the legs, and a sensation of swelling were the most frequently reported symptoms. Varicose veins and telangiectasias were the most common signs in both males and females, but with a higher frequency of varicose veins in males and telangiectasias in females. Increasing age, pregnancy, and a positive family history were found to be risk factors for CVD.
本研究旨在评估保加利亚成年人群中向全科医生寻求医疗帮助的慢性静脉疾病（CVD）的患病率及危险因素。
采用横断面描述性调查设计。每位全科医生（GP）连续纳入50名年龄在18岁及以上前来进行常规咨询的患者。一组专家对这些患者的一个子样本进行重新评估，以确认全科医生的诊断。
共有576名全科医生选择了26785名受试者参与调查。在全科医生的调查中，发现11724名受试者（44%）患有慢性静脉疾病。对373名受试者的一个子集进行专家重新评估，91.2%的病例确认了初始诊断。慢性静脉疾病在女性（51%）中比在男性（32%）中更普遍（P<0.0001），且患病率随年龄和体重指数增加。
腿部沉重、腿部疼痛和肿胀感是最常报告的症状。静脉曲张和毛细血管扩张是男性和女性中最常见的体征，但男性中静脉曲张的发生率较高，女性中毛细血管扩张的发生率较高。年龄增长、怀孕和家族史阳性被发现是慢性静脉疾病的危险因素。
