Jalving Mathilde, Schepers Hein
John Radcliffe Hospital, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, UK.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2009 Aug;11(4):383-93.
Recent developments in stem cell research have enabled the reprogramming of somatic cells to a pluripotent state using exogenous factors. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have the potential to differentiate into any cell type, and are being used to elucidate the molecular events that permit the conversion of one cell type to another. iPS cells have potential uses in in vitro disease modeling and toxicology screening, and as cellular therapies and regenerative medicine; however, various safety concerns exist that must be resolved before iPS cell therapy becomes a reality. Potential risks are related to the delivery of the endogenous factors, alterations in target cells, the cellular effects of the expression and reactivation of the factors that induce pluripotency, and safety issues related to the incorrect characterization and incomplete differentiation of the reprogrammed cells. In this review, the technique used to generate iPS cells is described, followed by a discussion of the safety concerns and how these concerns are currently being addressed.
干细胞研究的最新进展使得利用外源性因子将体细胞重编程为多能状态成为可能。诱导多能干细胞（iPS细胞）有分化为任何细胞类型的潜力，并且正被用于阐明使一种细胞类型转变为另一种细胞类型的分子事件。iPS细胞在体外疾病建模和毒理学筛选以及作为细胞疗法和再生医学方面有潜在用途；然而，在iPS细胞疗法成为现实之前，存在各种必须解决的安全问题。潜在风险与内源性因子的递送、靶细胞的改变、诱导多能性的因子的表达和重新激活的细胞效应以及与重编程细胞的错误表征和不完全分化相关的安全问题有关。在这篇综述中，描述了用于生成iPS细胞的技术，随后讨论了安全问题以及目前如何解决这些问题。
