Fontaine Nicolas K, Scott Ryan P, Heritage Jonathan P, Yoo S J B
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA.
Opt Express. 2009 Jul 20;17(15):12332-44. doi: 10.1364/oe.17.012332.
Four-quadrature spectral interferometry using balanced coherent detection enables single-shot full-field characterization of complex-shaped optical waveforms with near quantum-limited sensitivity. A 90 degrees optical hybrid places a waveform in four-quadrature-phases with a stronger, well-characterized reference pulse. Measurement of the four spectra with an integrating two-dimensional detector array followed by balanced detection uniquely determines the signal field. Balanced coherent detection provides common-mode noise rejection and coherent gain enabling near quantum-limited sensitivity. The single-shot waveform was temporally gated from a 100 ps periodic train of arbitrary optical waveforms generated using line-by-line pulse shaping on a 10 GHz optical frequency comb. The measurements show arbitrary waveforms with 200-ps record lengths, 500 GHz optical bandwidths and only 1200 detected photons.
采用平衡相干检测的四象限光谱干涉测量法能够以接近量子极限的灵敏度对复杂形状的光波形进行单次全场表征。一个90度光学混合器将一个波形置于四个正交相位中，并与一个更强的、特征明确的参考脉冲相结合。使用二维积分探测器阵列测量四个光谱，然后进行平衡检测，从而唯一地确定信号场。平衡相干检测提供共模噪声抑制和相干增益，实现接近量子极限的灵敏度。单次波形是从一个100 ps周期的任意光波形序列中通过时间选通得到的，该序列是利用10 GHz光学频率梳上的逐行脉冲整形生成的。测量结果显示了记录长度为200 ps、光学带宽为500 GHz且仅检测到1200个光子的任意波形。
