Hogan Aisling M, Collins Danielle, Baird Alan W, Winter Des C
Institute for Clinical Outcomes Research and Education (iCORE), St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, 4, Ireland.
Int J Colorectal Dis. 2009 Dec;24(12):1367-75. doi: 10.1007/s00384-009-0785-0. Epub 2009 Aug 5.
While the concept of a role of estrogen in gastrointestinal (in particular, colonic) malignancy has generated excitement in recent years, no review has examined the role of this potent and omnipresent steroid hormone in physiological states or its contribution to the development of benign pathological processes. Understanding these effects (and mechanisms therein) may provide a platform for a deeper understanding of more complex disease processes.
A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database and the search terms were "estrogen," "estrogen AND gastrointestinal tract," "estrogen AND colon," "estrogen AND esophagus," "estrogen AND small intestine," "estrogen AND stomach," "estrogen AND gallbladder," and "estrogen AND motility." Bibliographies of extracted studies were further cross-referenced. In all, 136 full-text articles were selected for review. A logical organ-based approach was taken to enable extraction of data of clinical relevance and meaningful interpretation thereof. Insight is provided into the hypotheses, theories, controversies, and contradictions generated over the last five decades by extensive investigation of estrogen in human, animal, and cell models using techniques as diverse as autoradiographic studies of baboons to human population analysis.
Effects from esophagus through to the colon and rectum are summarized in this first concise collection of data pertaining to estrogenic actions in gastrointestinal health and disease. Mechanisms of these actions are discussed where possible. Undoubtedly, this hormone exerts many actions yet to be elucidated, and its potential therapeutic applications remain, as yet, largely unexplored.
近年来，雌激素在胃肠道（尤其是结肠）恶性肿瘤中所起作用的概念引发了人们的兴趣，但尚无综述探讨这种强大且普遍存在的类固醇激素在生理状态下的作用或其对良性病理过程发展的影响。了解这些作用（及其作用机制）可能为更深入理解更复杂的疾病过程提供一个平台。
使用PubMed数据库进行文献检索，检索词为“雌激素”“雌激素与胃肠道”“雌激素与结肠”“雌激素与食管”“雌激素与小肠”“雌激素与胃”“雌激素与胆囊”以及“雌激素与运动性”。对提取研究的参考文献进行进一步交叉引用。总共筛选出136篇全文文章进行综述。采用基于器官的逻辑方法来提取具有临床相关性的数据并对其进行有意义的解读。通过使用从狒狒的放射自显影研究到人群分析等多种技术，对人类、动物和细胞模型中的雌激素进行广泛研究，深入探讨了过去五十年来产生的假设、理论、争议和矛盾之处。
本文首次简明扼要地汇总了从食管到结肠和直肠，雌激素在胃肠道健康与疾病中的作用相关数据，并在可能的情况下讨论了这些作用的机制。毫无疑问，这种激素还有许多作用有待阐明，其潜在的治疗应用在很大程度上仍有待探索。
