Ringel Yehuda, Williams Rachel E, Kalilani Linda, Cook Suzanne F
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7080, USA.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Jan;7(1):68-72; quiz 3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2008.07.008.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Bloating symptoms are common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) seen in primary care and gastrointestinal clinics. However, the underlying mechanisms of IBS are poorly understood, and there are few data available about the epidemiology of this syndrome or the impact of its symptoms. We investigated the prevalence, characteristics, and impact of bloating symptoms in patients with IBS.
IBS patients were identified by Rome II criteria in a U.S. population representative web-based survey. Patients were asked about the quality, frequency, and severity of their gastrointestinal symptoms. The impact of these symptoms was investigated by assessing patients' health-related quality of life, utilization of health care, and use of medications.
Of the 337 IBS patients in this study, 82.5% (n = 278) reported bloating symptoms, the second most bothersome symptom after abdominal cramping. The symptoms were more prevalent in female patients, 87.4% (n = 209), than in male patients, 70.4% (n = 69) (P < .0001), and in patients with constipation, 88.7% (n = 47), and mixed symptoms, 88.8% (n = 135), than in patients with diarrhea, 72.3% (n = 96), (P = .02 and P < .01, respectively). Bloating symptoms were the third (of 14) most important reason to seek medical care, and more than half of the patients reported regular use of anti-gas medications. Bloating symptoms were associated with decreased energy levels (P = .04), food intake (P < .01), and physical functioning (P = .06).
Bloating symptoms are common in patients with IBS, and their prevalence and relative severity differ on the basis of sex and IBS subtype. Bloating symptoms are associated with a decrease in the quality of life and increases in health care utilization and use of medications.
在基层医疗和胃肠病诊所就诊的肠易激综合征（IBS）患者中，腹胀症状很常见。然而，IBS的潜在机制尚不清楚，关于该综合征的流行病学或其症状影响的数据也很少。我们调查了IBS患者腹胀症状的患病率、特征及影响。
在美国一项具有人群代表性的基于网络的调查中，根据罗马II标准确定IBS患者。询问患者胃肠道症状的性质、频率和严重程度。通过评估患者的健康相关生活质量、医疗保健利用情况和药物使用情况来调查这些症状的影响。
在本研究的337例IBS患者中，82.5%（n = 278）报告有腹胀症状，是仅次于腹部绞痛的第二大困扰症状。女性患者中该症状更为普遍，占87.4%（n = 209），男性患者中占70.4%（n = 69）（P <.0001）；便秘型患者中占88.7%（n = 47），混合型症状患者中占88.8%（n = 135），腹泻型患者中占72.3%（n = 96）（分别为P =.02和P <.01）。腹胀症状是寻求医疗护理的第3（共14项）重要原因，超过半数患者报告经常使用抗胀气药物。腹胀症状与能量水平下降（P =.04）、食物摄入量减少（P <.01）和身体功能下降（P =.06）有关。
腹胀症状在IBS患者中很常见，其患病率和相对严重程度因性别和IBS亚型而异。腹胀症状与生活质量下降、医疗保健利用增加及药物使用增多有关。
