Jones Adrienne L, Dwyer Lisa L, Bercovitz Anita R, Strahan Genevieve W
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Health Care Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland 20782, USA.
Vital Health Stat 13. 2009 Jun(167):1-155.
This report presents estimates for U.S. nursing homes, their current residents, and staff, based on results from the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey (NNHS). Facility data are summarized by facility characteristics and include new data items on special care units and programs, formal contracts with agencies and providers, end-of-life care programs, and electronic information systems. Current residents are presented by characteristics such as demographics, health and functional status, and services received, with new data items on advance directives, falls, use of restraints, hospitalizations, pain management, and medications. The discussion highlights key survey findings, including differences in selected national estimates between the 2004 NNHS and the 1999 survey.
The 2004 NNHS consisted of a two-stage design with a probability sample of 1,500 nursing facilities in the first stage and up to 12 current residents from each facility in the second stage. This nationally representative sample survey was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics from August 2004 through January 2005.
In 2004, an estimated 1.5 million current residents received nursing home care in 16,100 facilities, the majority of which were proprietary (61.5%) and were located in the Midwest and in the South. Most full-time equivalent employees of the facilities were nursing staff. Most current residents were aged 65 years and older (88.3%), female (71.2%), and white (85.5%). Nearly one-half (48.2%) of all residents were admitted from a hospital or health care facility other than a nursing home or assisted-living-type facility, and 65.3% of all residents had some kind of advance directive.
本报告基于2004年全国养老院调查（NNHS）的结果，呈现美国养老院、其当前居民及工作人员的相关估计数据。机构数据按机构特征进行汇总，包括特殊护理单元和项目、与机构及供应商的正式合同、临终关怀项目以及电子信息系统等新数据项。当前居民按人口统计学、健康和功能状况以及接受的服务等特征呈现，还有关于预先指示、跌倒、约束使用、住院、疼痛管理和药物治疗等新数据项。讨论突出了关键的调查结果，包括2004年NNHS与1999年调查在选定的全国估计数据上的差异。
2004年NNHS采用两阶段设计，第一阶段为1500家护理机构的概率抽样，第二阶段为每家机构最多抽取12名当前居民。这项具有全国代表性的抽样调查由疾病控制和预防中心的国家卫生统计中心于2004年8月至2005年1月进行。
2004年，估计有150万当前居民在16100家机构接受养老院护理，其中大多数为私立机构（61.5%），分布在中西部和南部。这些机构的大多数全职等效员工为护理人员。大多数当前居民年龄在65岁及以上（88.3%），女性（71.2%），白人（85.5%）。近一半（48.2%）的居民是从养老院或辅助生活型机构以外的医院或医疗保健机构入院的，65.3%的居民有某种预先指示。
