Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Breast Cancer Res. 2009;11(4):207. doi: 10.1186/bcr2324. Epub 2009 Jul 15.
Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2 over-expression is associated with a shortened disease-free interval and poor survival. Although the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy in the first-line setting has improved response rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival, response rates declined when trastuzumab was used beyond the first-line setting because of multiple mechanisms of resistance. Studies have demonstrated the clinical utility of continuing trastuzumab beyond progression, and further trials to explore this concept are ongoing. New tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) pathway regulators, HER2 antibody-drug conjugates, and inhibitors of heat shock protein-90 are being evaluated to determine whether they may have a role to play in treating trastuzumab-resistant metastatic breast cancer.
人表皮生长因子受体 (HER)2 过表达与疾病无进展间隔时间缩短和生存不良有关。虽然曲妥珠单抗在一线治疗中联合化疗提高了缓解率、无进展生存期和总生存期，但由于多种耐药机制，曲妥珠单抗在一线治疗之外的应用时缓解率下降。研究表明，曲妥珠单抗在疾病进展后继续使用具有临床意义，目前正在进行进一步探索这一概念的试验。新的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、单克隆抗体、PTEN（磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物）通路调节剂、HER2 抗体药物偶联物和热休克蛋白-90 抑制剂正在被评估，以确定它们是否可能在治疗曲妥珠单抗耐药转移性乳腺癌中发挥作用。
