Fenclová Zdenka, Pelclová Daniela, Urban Pavel, Navrátil Tomá, Klusácková Pavlína, Lebedová Jindriska
Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine of First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Ind Health. 2009 Aug;47(4):443-8. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.47.443.
Between 1992 and 2005, 72 cases of occupational hypersensitive pneumonitis were reported to the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases. This represented 0.24% of all occupational diseases reported in the Czech Republic during that period. The greatest number of cases occurred in 1997 (10 cases), of which men constituted 58.3% (42 cases) and women 41.7% (30 cases). The most prevalent cases were farmer's lung (50 cases), malt worker's lung (7 cases) and chemical worker's lung (6 cases). Agriculture was the most common economic activity (total 48 cases), with cattleman and dairyman (total 26 cases) the most frequent occupations; less common were tractor driver (8 cases) and maltster (7 cases). Typical case reports after different exposures are presented. A peak in frequency was observed in the age groups of 45-49 and 50-54 yr (20.8% and 19.4% of cases, respectively) and within the first four years of employment (22.2% of cases). Median age was 48 yr and median exposure 12.5 yr. Incidence was in the range of 0.00-0.20 per 100,000 workers, which appears rather low. Due to the difficult diagnostics of hypersensitive pneumonitis, the actual number of cases is undoubtedly higher, and this disease is probably under-reported.
1992年至2005年期间,捷克国家职业病登记处共报告了72例职业性过敏性肺炎病例。这占该时期捷克共和国报告的所有职业病的0.24%。病例数最多的年份是1997年(10例),其中男性占58.3%(42例),女性占41.7%(30例)。最常见的病例类型是农民肺(50例)、麦芽工人肺(7例)和化学工人肺(6例)。农业是最常见的经济活动(共48例),牧民和奶农(共26例)是最常见的职业;较少见的职业有拖拉机司机(8例)和麦芽制造商(7例)。文中呈现了不同接触情况后的典型病例报告。发病频率在45 - 49岁和50 - 54岁年龄组出现高峰(分别占病例的20.8%和19.4%),且在就业的前四年内(占病例的22.2%)。中位年龄为48岁,中位接触时间为12.5年。发病率在每10万名工人0.00 - 0.20例之间,这一数字似乎相当低。由于过敏性肺炎诊断困难,实际病例数无疑更高,而且这种疾病可能报告不足。