Gümbel H
Augenabteilung, BWK, Ulm.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2009 Aug;226(8):624-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1109473. Epub 2009 Aug 11.
Combat injuries in the literature are dominated by reports on the rescue of life and body trauma treatment of casualties. In the 20th and 21st centuries, preservation of the eyes would be more and more an extremely important goal. In World War I and II and along with the trends in current warfare, automatic weapons and conventional munitions like shrapnel will continue to cause a significant percentage of all ocular trauma in combat. There are also laser weapons which have the potential to cause blinding eye injuries. In spite of the curse of war there are also blessings of combat ophthalmology like the invention of the intraocular lens after the Second World War, when the plexiglas of a broken cockpit canopy was found to be inert in penetrating eye injuries. A significant ly better eye protection was developed following terror attacks, such as terrorist blasts in the 21st century. Finally, every new generation of military ophthalmologists has had to learn on its own from earlier armed conflicts and some of this knowledge could be helpful for our patients in more peaceful times.
文献中的战斗损伤主要是关于伤员生命救援和身体创伤治疗的报告。在20世纪和21世纪，保护眼睛将越来越成为一个极其重要的目标。在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战以及当前战争趋势下，自动武器和弹片等常规弹药将继续在战斗中导致相当比例的眼部创伤。还有激光武器，有可能造成致盲性眼损伤。尽管战争带来灾难，但战斗眼科学也有福音，比如第二次世界大战后人工晶状体的发明，当时发现破碎驾驶舱罩的有机玻璃在穿透性眼损伤中呈惰性。在21世纪恐怖袭击（如恐怖爆炸）后，人们研发出了显著更好的眼部防护措施。最后，每一代军事眼科医生都必须从早期武装冲突中自行学习，其中一些知识在更和平的时期可能对我们的患者有帮助。
