Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2019 Sep;97(6):637-643. doi: 10.1111/aos.14086. Epub 2019 Mar 25.
To describe the history of eye injuries and the consequent evolution of eye protection.
A comprehensive search of Medline and the grey literature using the terms 'ocular trauma' and 'eye protection' or 'injury prevention' and 'history'. References were used to identify other relevant publications. Publications were classified according to the setting of eye injury: occupational, recreational or combat-related.
Eye protection has been described in a wide range of sources, including in literature and art. With advances in eye protection material and design, as well as government and societal promotion of appropriate eye protection usage in the workplace, the epidemiology of ocular trauma has changed over time. In developed countries, the use of eye protection in the workplace has reduced the proportion of occupation-related eye injuries over the last century, with a higher proportion occurring during sports or at home. New protection devices and policies have evolved to meet this change.
Vision loss has broad implications for the individual and for society and despite available prevention strategies, ocular trauma is a significant cause of preventable monocular and bilateral vision loss. The use of appropriate eye protection has reduced the burden of ocular trauma. History provides lessons for informing current eye protection and eye injury prevention strategies.
描述眼部损伤的历史以及随之而来的眼部保护演变。
通过使用“眼外伤”和“眼部保护”或“伤害预防”和“历史”等术语，在 Medline 和灰色文献中进行全面搜索。参考文献用于确定其他相关出版物。根据眼部损伤的环境，将出版物进行分类：职业、娱乐或与战斗相关。
眼部保护已在包括文学和艺术在内的各种来源中得到描述。随着眼部保护材料和设计的进步，以及政府和社会在工作场所推广适当的眼部保护使用，眼部创伤的流行病学随时间发生了变化。在发达国家，上个世纪以来，在工作场所使用眼部保护已减少了与职业相关的眼部损伤比例，更多的损伤发生在运动或家庭中。新的保护设备和政策已经发展以适应这一变化。
视力丧失对个人和社会都有广泛的影响，尽管有可用的预防策略，但眼部创伤仍然是导致可预防的单眼和双眼视力丧失的主要原因。适当的眼部保护已经减轻了眼部创伤的负担。历史为当前的眼部保护和眼部伤害预防策略提供了经验教训。
