Osterreichische Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit (Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, AGES), Vienna, Austria.
Epidemiol Infect. 2010 Mar;138(3):415-25. doi: 10.1017/S0950268809990604. Epub 2009 Aug 14.
We report on a measles outbreak originating in an anthroposophic community in Austria, 2008. A total of 394 (94.9%) cases fulfilled the outbreak case definition including 168 cases affiliated to the anthroposophic community. The source case was a school pupil from Switzerland. The Austrian outbreak strain was genotype D5, indistinguishable from the Swiss outbreak strain. A school-based retrospective cohort study in the anthroposophic school demonstrated a vaccine effectiveness of 97.3% in pupils who had received a single dose of measles-containing vaccine and 100% in those who had received two doses. The vaccination coverage of the cases in the anthroposophic community was 0.6%. Of the 226 outbreak cases not belonging to the anthroposophic community, the 10-24 years age group was the most affected. Our findings underline the epidemiological significance of suboptimal vaccination coverage in anthroposophic communities and in older age groups of the general population in facilitating measles virus circulation. The findings of this outbreak investigation suggest that the WHO European Region is unlikely to achieve its 2010 target for measles and rubella elimination.
我们报告了一起 2008 年发生在奥地利一个人智学社区的麻疹暴发。共有 394 例（94.9%）符合暴发病例定义，包括 168 例与人智学社区有关的病例。源病例是一名来自瑞士的学生。奥地利暴发株为基因型 D5，与瑞士暴发株无法区分。在人智学学校进行的基于学校的回顾性队列研究表明，接种一剂麻疹疫苗的儿童疫苗有效性为 97.3%，接种两剂的儿童疫苗有效性为 100%。人智学社区病例的疫苗接种覆盖率为 0.6%。在不属于人智学社区的 226 例暴发病例中，10-24 岁年龄组受影响最大。我们的研究结果强调了人智学社区和普通人群中老年人中疫苗接种覆盖率不足对接种麻疹病毒传播的流行病学意义。此次暴发调查的结果表明，世卫组织欧洲区域不太可能实现其 2010 年消除麻疹和风疹的目标。
