Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Eur Respir J. 2010 Jan;35(1):42-7. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00065009. Epub 2009 Aug 13.
The effects of cannabis on lung function remain unclear and may be different from those of tobacco. We compared the associations between use of these substances and lung function in a population-based cohort (n = 1,037). Cannabis and tobacco use were reported at ages 18, 21, 26 and 32 yrs. Spirometry, plethysmography and carbon monoxide transfer factor were measured at 32 yrs. Associations between lung function and exposure to each substance were adjusted for exposure to the other substance. Cumulative cannabis use was associated with higher forced vital capacity, total lung capacity, functional residual capacity and residual volume. Cannabis was also associated with higher airway resistance but not with forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced expiratory ratio or transfer factor. These findings were similar among those who did not smoke tobacco. In contrast, tobacco use was associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s, lower forced expiratory ratio, lower transfer factor and higher static lung volumes, but not with airway resistance. Cannabis appears to have different effects on lung function from those of tobacco. Cannabis use was associated with higher lung volumes, suggesting hyperinflation and increased large-airways resistance, but there was little evidence for airflow obstruction or impairment of gas transfer.
大麻对肺功能的影响尚不清楚，可能与烟草不同。我们在一项基于人群的队列研究（n=1037）中比较了这些物质的使用与肺功能之间的关联。大麻和烟草的使用情况在 18、21、26 和 32 岁时报告。在 32 岁时测量了肺活量计、体积描记法和一氧化碳传递因子。在调整了对另一种物质的暴露后，评估了肺功能与每种物质暴露之间的关联。累积使用大麻与更高的用力肺活量、总肺容量、功能残气量和残气量相关。大麻还与更高的气道阻力相关，但与 1 秒用力呼气量、用力呼气比或传递因子无关。在那些不吸烟的人中，这些发现是相似的。相比之下，烟草使用与 1 秒用力呼气量较低、用力呼气比较低、传递因子较低以及静态肺容量较高有关，但与气道阻力无关。大麻对肺功能的影响似乎与烟草不同。大麻的使用与更高的肺容量有关，这表明过度充气和增加的大气道阻力，但几乎没有气流阻塞或气体转移受损的证据。
