Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 Mar;18(3):521-7. doi: 10.1038/oby.2009.243. Epub 2009 Aug 13.
Increasing the portion size of energy-dense entrées has been shown to increase children's energy intake during a meal. It remains to be investigated whether serving larger portions to children can be used to promote intake of more healthful foods, such as fruits and vegetables (F&V). The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of increasing the portion size of F&V side dishes on children's intake. Forty-three children (22 boys, 21 girls), aged 5-6 years, were served dinner once a week for 2 weeks. Each dinner consisted of pasta with tomato sauce, three F&V side dishes (broccoli, carrots, and applesauce), and milk. The portion size of the F&V was doubled between experimental conditions whereas the size of the pasta remained constant. Doubling the portion size of the side dishes resulted in a 43% increase in children's intake of the fruit side dish (P = 0.001), but did not affect children's intake of the two vegetable side dishes (P > 0.60). Further, when the portion size of F&V side dishes was doubled, children ate significantly less of the pasta (P = 0.04). The difference in meal energy intake between portion size conditions (19.5 +/- 16.3 kcal) was not significant (P = 0.24). Although more studies are needed to understand whether increases in portion size can influence vegetable intake, children did eat more in response to a large quantity of a preferred low energy-dense fruit side dish at meals. Thus variations in portion size can be used strategically to help children achieve the recommended intake of fruits.
增加能量密集型主菜的份量已被证明可以增加儿童在一餐中的能量摄入。目前仍需研究向儿童提供更大份量是否可以用于促进更健康食物（如水果和蔬菜）的摄入。本研究旨在检验增加水果和蔬菜配菜份量对儿童摄入的影响。43 名 5-6 岁的儿童（22 名男孩，21 名女孩）每周一次享用晚餐，持续 2 周。每份晚餐包括番茄酱汁面条、三种水果和蔬菜配菜（西兰花、胡萝卜和苹果酱）和牛奶。在实验条件下，水果和蔬菜的份量增加了一倍，而面条的份量保持不变。增加配菜份量导致儿童对水果配菜的摄入量增加了 43%（P = 0.001），但对两种蔬菜配菜的摄入量没有影响（P > 0.60）。此外，当水果和蔬菜配菜的份量增加一倍时，儿童吃的面条明显减少（P = 0.04）。两种份量条件下的餐食能量摄入差异（19.5 +/- 16.3 千卡）不显著（P = 0.24）。尽管需要进一步研究来了解增加份量是否可以影响蔬菜的摄入量，但儿童确实会因大量喜欢的低能量密集型水果配菜而增加进食量。因此，可以有策略地改变份量，以帮助儿童达到水果推荐摄入量。
