Fàcolta di Agraria, Istituto Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2009 Mar;26(3):372-80. doi: 10.1080/02652030802441513.
The aim was to evaluate the distribution of aflatoxins and fumonisins in fractions derived from the dry-milling of contaminated maize. Two maize lots with different contamination levels were processed and sampled: the first (maize 1) had aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) and fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) levels of 3.6 and 5379 microg kg(-1), respectively; the second (maize 2) had corresponding levels of 91.1 and 8841 microg kg(-1), respectively. The cleaning step reduced AFB(1) and FB(1) levels by 8 and 11% in maize 1 and by 57 and 34% in maize 2. The subsequent removal of bran and germ led to a further decrease in contamination levels in the products destined for human consumption. In the latter, AFB(1) was uniformly distributed, while FB(1) was concentrated in the finer size fractions. Contamination of raw maize 1 (3.6 microg kg(-1)) was below the European Union AFB(1) limit of 5 microg kg(-1) for unprocessed maize, but among the final products only coarse flour (1.7 microg kg(-1)) was within the European Union limit of 2 microg kg(-1), while grits and fine flour showed higher levels (2.7 and 2.5 microg kg(-1), respectively). As regards cleaned maize, a different distribution of the two toxins was observed in the kernels: AFB(1) contamination was more superficial and concentrated in germ, while FB(1) contamination affected the inner layers of the kernels.
目的是评估污染玉米经干法碾磨后各部分中黄曲霉毒素和伏马菌素的分布情况。对两个具有不同污染水平的玉米批次进行加工和采样：第一个（玉米 1）的黄曲霉毒素 B(1)（AFB(1)）和伏马菌素 B(1)（FB(1)）含量分别为 3.6 和 5379μgkg(-1)；第二个（玉米 2）的相应含量分别为 91.1 和 8841μgkg(-1)。清理步骤使玉米 1 中的 AFB(1)和 FB(1)水平降低了 8%和 11%，玉米 2 中的降低了 57%和 34%。随后去除麸皮和胚芽使更适合人类食用的产品的污染水平进一步降低。在后一种产品中，AFB(1)均匀分布，而 FB(1)集中在较小的粒径部分。生玉米 1 的污染（3.6μgkg(-1)）低于欧盟未加工玉米中 AFB(1)的 5μgkg(-1)限量，但在最终产品中只有粗粉（1.7μgkg(-1)）在欧盟 2μgkg(-1)限量内，而粗粒和细粉显示出更高的水平（分别为 2.7μgkg(-1)和 2.5μgkg(-1)）。对于清洁玉米，在玉米仁中观察到两种毒素的不同分布：AFB(1)污染更表浅且集中在胚芽中，而 FB(1)污染影响玉米仁的内层。
