Castells Miren, Marín Sonia, Sanchis Vicente, Ramos Antonio J
Food Technology Department, Lleida University, XaRTA, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2008 Mar 31;123(1-2):81-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.12.001. Epub 2007 Dec 23.
The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of fumonisins (B(1) B(2,) and B(3)) and total aflatoxins (B(1), B(2), G(1), and G(2)) in various corn processed fractions. 92 batches of whole corn and derived dry-milled fractions (animal feed flour, flaking grits, corn flour and corn meal) and cooked and roasted cornflakes fractions were industrially obtained. Samples were analyzed for both groups of mycotoxins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dry milling of corn led to a heterogeneous distribution of the two groups of mycotoxins in the different parts of the grain, with increased levels in fractions processed from outer layers (animal feed flour and corn flour) and decreased levels in fractions processed from inner portions, such as corn meal and flaking grits. Levels of fumonisins in cornflakes were lower than 400 microg/kg, the maximum tolerable limit set by the EU. By contrast, three samples of final product were found to exceed the aflatoxin maximum tolerable limit of 4 microg/kg. Animal feed flour showed concentration factors of 317 and 288% for fumonisins and aflatoxins, respectively. Food traceability system was used by the industrial companies which processed corn into breakfast cereals. Nevertheless, even though the use of food traceability, which is defined as the ability to trace any food, feed, food-producing animal or substance that will be used for consumption through all stages of production, processing and distribution, only initial fumonisin contamination of whole corn and contamination of animal feed flour and corn flour were found to be correlated.
本研究的目的是调查伏马菌素（B1、B2和B3）和总黄曲霉毒素（B1、B2、G1和G2）在各种玉米加工组分中的分布情况。通过工业途径获取了92批次的全玉米及其干磨组分（动物饲料粉、片状粗粒、玉米粉和玉米糁）以及熟制和烤制玉米片组分。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）对两组霉菌毒素进行了分析。玉米的干磨导致两组霉菌毒素在谷物不同部位分布不均，外层加工组分（动物饲料粉和玉米粉）中的含量增加，而内部加工组分（如玉米糁和片状粗粒）中的含量降低。玉米片中伏马菌素的含量低于欧盟设定的400微克/千克的最大耐受限量。相比之下，发现三个最终产品样本超过了黄曲霉毒素4微克/千克的最大耐受限量。动物饲料粉中伏马菌素和黄曲霉毒素的浓缩系数分别为317%和288%。加工玉米制成早餐谷物的工业公司采用了食品可追溯系统。然而，尽管使用了食品可追溯性（其定义为能够追踪任何将用于消费的食品、饲料、食用动物或物质在生产、加工和分销的所有阶段的情况），但仅发现全玉米最初的伏马菌素污染与动物饲料粉和玉米粉的污染相关。
