Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service, 18 Marcus Clarke Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2009 May;26(5):692-712. doi: 10.1080/02652030802669170.
Data on the transfer of lipophilic xenobiotics from livestock feed and the environment to meat and milk are required for risk assessment purposes. Often, data are only available for lactating dairy cattle. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling has been used to explore differences between classes of food-producing animals. Blood and tissue levels of lipophilic xenobiotics under conditions approximating steady-state were simulated. Simulations of constant exposure were performed for lactating cows, non-lactating cattle, sheep, goats and swine. The tissue : blood partition coefficient, fat volume and fat blood flow were identified as critical determinants of predicted tissue concentrations. There may be significant breed differences in residues in milk and fat following exposure. Modeling was used to derive scaling factors that can be used to assist the extrapolation of transfer studies, carried out on lactating dairy cows, to other classes of cattle and different species.
为了进行风险评估，需要有关脂溶性外来物质从牲畜饲料和环境向肉和奶中转移的数据。通常，只有用于哺乳期奶牛的数据。基于生理学的药代动力学（PBPK）模型已被用于探索不同类别的食用动物之间的差异。模拟了接近稳态条件下的脂溶性外来物质在血液和组织中的水平。对哺乳期奶牛、非哺乳期牛、绵羊、山羊和猪进行了持续暴露的模拟。组织：血液分配系数、脂肪体积和脂肪血流被确定为预测组织浓度的关键决定因素。暴露后，牛奶和脂肪中的残留可能存在显著的品种差异。建模用于推导可以用于协助将在哺乳期奶牛上进行的转移研究外推到其他类别的牛和不同物种的缩放因子。
