College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-2020, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Jan;51(1):614-22. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-3653. Epub 2009 Aug 13.
To study variations in dynamic measures of accommodation and disaccommodation with age in subjects ranging from preschool to adulthood.
Accommodative responses to a step stimulus cartoon movie alternating from distance to near were recorded with a dynamic infrared photorefractor. Subjects viewed at least three stimulus cycles of far and near for four near stimulus demands (2, 3, 4, and 5 D). Latencies, peak velocities, and the magnitude of accommodative microfluctuations were calculated from the responses and compared in 41 subjects from 3 to 38 years of age.
Mean accommodative and disaccommodative latencies decreased linearly with age. The magnitude of accommodative microfluctuations during sustained near accommodation had a significant quadratic relationship to age, with subjects in the first decade of life having the largest fluctuations and subjects in the third decade of life having the smallest for all stimulus demands. Accommodative peak velocities were fastest in subjects in the first two decades of life, compared with subjects in the third and fourth decades; however, disaccommodative peak velocities showed no significant age differences.
Age-related changes in dynamics occur in accommodative and disaccommodative latencies, accommodative peak velocities, and accommodative microfluctuations, all of which decrease with increasing age from preschool to adulthood. Disaccommodative peak velocities showed no change with age.
研究从学前到成年的受试者中，动态调节和离焦的变化与年龄的关系。
使用动态红外屈光仪记录卡通电影距离到近的距离变化刺激下的调节反应。受试者观看至少三个远、近刺激周期，以满足四个近刺激需求（2、3、4 和 5 D）。从反应中计算潜伏期、峰值速度和调节微波动的幅度，并在 41 名 3 至 38 岁的受试者中进行比较。
平均调节和离焦潜伏期随年龄呈线性下降。在持续近调节期间，调节微波动的幅度与年龄呈显著的二次关系，在所有刺激需求下，第一十年的受试者波动最大，第三十年的受试者波动最小。与第三和第四十年的受试者相比，前两个十年的受试者的调节峰值速度最快；然而，离焦峰值速度没有显示出明显的年龄差异。
从学前到成年，调节和离焦潜伏期、调节峰值速度和调节微波动的年龄相关性变化均发生，所有这些都随年龄的增长而降低。离焦峰值速度随年龄没有变化。
