Campbell Susan B, Morgan-Lopez Antonio A, Cox Martha J, McLoyd Vonnie C
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2009 Aug;118(3):479-93. doi: 10.1037/a0015923.
The authors used data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development to model patterns of maternal depressive symptoms, from the period of infants' age 1 month to adolescence (age 12 years), and then examined adolescent adjustment at age 15 years as a function of the course and severity of maternal symptoms. The authors identified 5 latent classes of symptoms in 1,357 women, while also taking into account sociodemographic measures: never depressed, stable subclinical, early decreasing, moderately elevated, and chronic. Women with few symptoms were more likely to be married, better educated, and in better physical health than were women with more elevated symptoms. At age 15 years, adolescents whose mothers were in the chronic, elevated, and stable subclinical latent classes reported more internalizing and externalizing problems and acknowledged engaging in more risky behavior than did children of never depressed mothers. Latent class differences in self-reported loneliness and dysphoria were also found. Discussion focuses on adolescent adjustment, especially among offspring whose mothers reported stable symptoms of depression across their childhoods.
作者利用美国国立儿童健康与人类发展研究所早期儿童保育与青少年发展研究的数据，对从婴儿1个月大到青春期（12岁）的母亲抑郁症状模式进行建模，然后将15岁青少年的适应情况作为母亲症状的病程和严重程度的函数进行研究。作者在1357名女性中确定了5种潜在症状类别，同时还考虑了社会人口学指标：从未抑郁、稳定的亚临床症状、早期缓解、中度严重和慢性症状。与症状更严重的女性相比，症状较少的女性更有可能已婚、受教育程度更高且身体健康状况更好。在15岁时，母亲处于慢性、严重和稳定亚临床潜在症状类别的青少年报告了更多的内化和外化问题，并承认比母亲从未抑郁的孩子有更多的危险行为。研究还发现了自我报告的孤独感和烦躁不安方面的潜在类别差异。讨论集中在青少年的适应情况，特别是那些母亲在其整个童年时期都报告有稳定抑郁症状的后代。
