主嗅球中的代谢型谷氨酸受体与树-树突触

Metabotropic glutamate receptors and dendrodendritic synapses in the main olfactory bulb.

作者信息

Dong Hong-Wei, Heinbockel Thomas, Hamilton Kathryn A, Hayar Abdallah, Ennis Matthew

机构信息

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA.

出版信息

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Jul;1170:224-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03891.x.

The main olfactory bulb (MOB) is the first site of synaptic processing in the central nervous system for odor information that is relayed from olfactory receptor neurons in the nasal cavity via the olfactory nerve (ON). Glutamate and ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) play a dominant role at ON synapses. Similarly, glutamate and iGluRs mediate dendrodendritic transmission between several populations of neurons within the MOB network. Neuroanatomical studies demonstrate that metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are densely expressed through the MOB network, and they are particularly abundant at dendrodendritic synapses. Until recently, the physiological roles of mGluRs in the MOB were poorly understood. Over the past several years, mGluRs have been shown to play surprisingly powerful neuromodulatory roles at ON synapses and in dendrodendritic neurotransmission in the MOB. This chapter focuses on recent advances in our understanding of mGluR-mediated signaling components at dendrodendritic synapses.

主嗅球（MOB）是中枢神经系统中对气味信息进行突触处理的首个位点，气味信息通过嗅神经（ON）从鼻腔中的嗅觉受体神经元传递至此。谷氨酸和离子型谷氨酸受体（iGluRs）在嗅神经突触中起主导作用。同样，谷氨酸和iGluRs介导主嗅球网络内多个神经元群体之间的树突-树突传递。神经解剖学研究表明，代谢型谷氨酸受体（mGluRs）在整个主嗅球网络中密集表达，并且在树突-树突突触中尤为丰富。直到最近，人们对mGluRs在主嗅球中的生理作用仍知之甚少。在过去几年中，已证明mGluRs在嗅神经突触以及主嗅球的树突-树突神经传递中发挥着惊人的强大神经调节作用。本章重点介绍我们对树突-树突突触中mGluR介导的信号成分的最新认识进展。