Lung'aho Mercy G, Glahn Raymond P
Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Food Nutr Bull. 2009 Jun;30(2):145-52. doi: 10.1177/156482650903000206.
Iron-deficiency anemia is by far the most widespread micronutrient deficiency disease in the world, affecting more than 2 billion people. Although there are multiple causes of anemia, its high prevalence among children-especially in developing countries such as Kenya-is attributed to an inadequate intake of dietary iron.
The main objective of this study was to assess the amount of bioavailable iron in Kenyan complementary foods and to determine whether strategies such as food diversification using locally available foods would improve the bioavailability of iron from these foods.
The in vitro iron bioavailability system/ Caco-2 cell model that mirrors the gastric and intestinal digestion of humans was used in this study to estimate the amount of bioavailable iron in the porridges.
The addition of cassava significantly increased the amount of ferritin formation in a cereal-based home recipe from 36.74 to 67.58 ng/mg. The in vitro data suggests that home recipes can provide an equal or greater amount of bioavailable iron as the commercially available nonfortified porridge products. However, in vitro assessment showed that the nonfortified recipes had less bioavailable iron than Cerelac, a commercially available fortified complementary food that provides about 26% of the RDA of iron for infants 6 and 7 months of age per serving (p < .0001).
In addition to diet diversity, more approaches to address iron inadequacy of complementary foods are required to improve the bioavailability of iron from the Kenyan complementary foods analyzed.
缺铁性贫血是目前世界上最普遍的微量营养素缺乏疾病,影响着超过20亿人。尽管贫血有多种病因,但其在儿童中高发病率——尤其是在肯尼亚等发展中国家——归因于膳食铁摄入不足。
本研究的主要目的是评估肯尼亚辅食中铁的生物可利用量,并确定诸如使用当地可得食物进行食物多样化等策略是否会提高这些食物中铁的生物利用率。
本研究使用模拟人类胃和肠道消化的体外铁生物利用系统/Caco-2细胞模型来估计粥中铁的生物可利用量。
添加木薯显著增加了一种以谷物为基础的家庭食谱中形成的铁蛋白量,从36.74纳克/毫克增加到67.58纳克/毫克。体外数据表明,家庭食谱可以提供与市售非强化粥产品等量或更多的生物可利用铁。然而,体外评估显示,非强化食谱的生物可利用铁比市售强化辅食产品雀巢婴儿米粉少,后者每份为6至7个月大的婴儿提供约26%的铁推荐膳食摄入量(p <.0001)。
除了饮食多样化之外,还需要更多方法来解决辅食中铁不足的问题,以提高所分析的肯尼亚辅食中铁的生物利用率。