Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Public Health Nutr. 2013 Sep;16(9):1605-13. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012005174. Epub 2012 Dec 6.
Simulating the probable impact of grain amaranth and highly absorbable, low-Fe micronutrient powder (MNP) on Fe status in a potential target population is an essential step in choosing and developing an appropriate actual intervention.
We simulated the potential effect of fortifying maize porridge with grain amaranth or MNP on the prevalence of inadequate Fe intake and Fe deficiency using data from two cross-sectional surveys. In the first survey (2008), dietary intake data were collected by two 24 h recalls (n 197). Biochemical data (n 70) were collected in the second survey (2010). A simulation with daily consumption for 80 d of non-fortified maize porridge (60 g of maize flour), amaranth-enriched porridge (80 g of grain amaranth–maize flour, 70:30 ratio) or maize porridge fortified with MNP (2.5mg Fe as NaFeEDTA) was done.
Mwingi District, Kenya.
Pre-school children aged 12–23 months.
Prevalence of anaemia, Fe deficiency and Fe-deficiency anaemia was 49 %, 46% and 24 %, respectively. Consumption of non-fortified, amaranth-enriched and MNP-fortified maize porridge was estimated to provide a median daily Fe intake of 8.6 mg, 17.5mg and 11.1 mg, respectively. The prevalence of inadequate Fe intake was reduced to 35% in the amaranth-enriched porridge group and 45% in the MNP-fortified porridge group, while ferritin concentration was increased in both (by 1.82 (95% CI 1.42, 2.34) mg/l and 1.80 (95% CI 1.40, 2.31) μg/l, respectively; P,0.005) compared with the non-fortified maize porridge group, resulting in a decreased prevalence of Fe deficiency (27 %) in the two fortification groups.
Addition of grain amaranth or low-Fe MNP to maize-based porridge has potential to improve Fe intake and status in pre-school children.
模拟在潜在目标人群中添加谷物苋和高吸收率、低铁微量营养素粉（MNP）对铁状况的可能影响，是选择和开发适当实际干预措施的重要步骤。
我们使用两项横断面调查的数据，模拟用谷物苋或 MNP 强化玉米粥对铁摄入不足和缺铁患病率的潜在影响。第一项调查（2008 年）收集了两份 24 小时回顾的膳食摄入数据（n197）。第二项调查（2010 年）收集了生化数据（n70）。对 80 天非强化玉米粥（60 克玉米粉）、富含谷物苋的粥（80 克谷物苋-玉米粉，70:30 比例）或 MNP 强化玉米粥（2.5mgFe 作为 NaFeEDTA）的每日消耗量进行了模拟。
肯尼亚姆温吉区。
12-23 月龄的学龄前儿童。
贫血、缺铁和缺铁性贫血的患病率分别为 49%、46%和 24%。非强化、富含谷物苋和 MNP 强化玉米粥的铁摄入量估计分别为 8.6mg、17.5mg 和 11.1mg。在富含谷物苋的粥组中，铁摄入不足的患病率降低到 35%，在 MNP 强化的粥组中降低到 45%，而两组的铁蛋白浓度都有所增加（分别增加 1.82（95%CI1.42，2.34）mg/L 和 1.80（95%CI1.40，2.31）μg/L；P，0.005），与非强化玉米粥组相比，铁缺乏症的患病率降低（27%）。
在以玉米为基础的粥中添加谷物苋或低铁 MNP 有可能改善学龄前儿童的铁摄入和状况。
