Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a potentially life-threatening reaction to neuroleptic agents. Its symptoms develop rapidly and may occur at the initiation of the neuroleptics or after long-term use. The pathogenesis remains unclear. The authors reviewed 93 documented cases published in the literature over the past five years. Demographic and clinical features of the syndrome are identified. Diagnostic criteria are proposed along with recommendations for treatment and further research.