Blumberg Stephen J, Luke Julian V
National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Road, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2009 Oct;99(10):1806-10. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.152835. Epub 2009 Aug 20.
We used recent data to reexamine whether the exclusion of adults from households with no telephone or only wireless phones may bias estimates derived from health-related telephone surveys.
We calculated the difference between estimates for the full population of adults and estimates for adults with landline phones; data were from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey.
When data from landline telephone surveys were weighted to match demographic characteristics of the full population, bias was generally less than 2 percentage points (range = 0.1-2.4). However, among young adults and low-income adults, we found greater bias (range = 1.7-5.9) for estimates of health insurance, smoking, binge drinking, influenza vaccination, and having a usual place for care.
From 2004 to 2007, the potential for noncoverage bias increased. Bias can be reduced through weighting adjustments. Therefore, telephone surveys limited to landline households may still be appropriate for health surveys of all adults and for surveys of subpopulations regarding health status. However, for some behavioral risk factors and health care service use indicators, caution is warranted when using landline surveys to draw inferences about young or low-income adults.
我们利用最新数据重新审视，将没有电话或仅有无线电话家庭中的成年人排除在外，是否会使健康相关电话调查得出的估计值产生偏差。
我们计算了全体成年人估计值与有固定电话成年人估计值之间的差异；数据来自2007年全国健康访谈调查。
当对固定电话调查数据进行加权以匹配全体人口的人口统计学特征时，偏差一般小于2个百分点（范围为0.1 - 2.4）。然而，在年轻成年人和低收入成年人中，我们发现医疗保险、吸烟、暴饮、流感疫苗接种以及有常规就医场所等估计值存在更大偏差（范围为1.7 - 5.9）。
2004年至2007年期间，无覆盖偏差的可能性增加。可通过加权调整减少偏差。因此，仅限于固定电话家庭的电话调查对于所有成年人的健康调查以及关于健康状况的亚人群调查可能仍然适用。然而，对于某些行为风险因素和医疗服务使用指标，在利用固定电话调查推断年轻或低收入成年人情况时需谨慎。
