Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2009 Sep;30(3):601-8, x. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2009.05.010.
The prevalence of childhood obesity has more than tripled over the past five decades. Obesity results in low lung volumes, likely through increased loading of the chest wall and abdomen. The prevalence of asthma in children has paralleled the rise in obesity; obesity may increase the severity of asthma, but a direct link has been difficult to establish. Obesity is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children as well as adults. Obese children may be at increased risk for persistent OSA following adenotonsillectomy treatment for OSA. Severe obesity and OSA may lead to the obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, with hypoxia, hypercapnia, and reduced ventilatory drive. Obesity can increase a child's risk for complications of anesthesia and recovery from surgery.
在过去的五十年中，儿童肥胖症的患病率增加了两倍多。肥胖导致肺容量降低，可能是通过增加胸壁和腹部的负荷。儿童哮喘的患病率与肥胖率的上升相平行；肥胖可能会增加哮喘的严重程度，但很难确定两者之间的直接联系。肥胖也是儿童和成人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的一个风险因素。肥胖儿童在接受腺样体扁桃体切除术治疗 OSA 后，可能会持续存在 OSA 的风险增加。严重肥胖和 OSA 可能导致肥胖低通气综合征，出现缺氧、高碳酸血症和通气驱动降低。肥胖会增加儿童麻醉并发症和手术恢复的风险。
