Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, United States.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2009 Aug;20(4):398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.07.007. Epub 2009 Aug 21.
Generation of novel protein functions is a major goal in biotechnology and also a rigorous test for our understanding of the relationship between protein structure and function. Early examples of protein engineering focused on design and directed evolution within the constraints of the original protein architecture, exemplified by the highly successful fields of antibody and enzyme engineering. Recent studies show that protein engineering strategies which step away from these natural architectures, that is by manipulating the organization of domains and modules thus mimicking nonhomologous recombination, are highly effective in producing complex and sophisticated functions in terms of both molecular recognition and regulation.
创造新的蛋白质功能是生物技术的主要目标，也是对我们理解蛋白质结构与功能关系的严格考验。早期的蛋白质工程实例侧重于在原始蛋白质结构的限制内进行设计和定向进化，抗体工程和酶工程就是这方面非常成功的例子。最近的研究表明，通过操纵结构域和模块的组织从而模拟非同源重组，从这些自然结构中脱离出来的蛋白质工程策略在产生复杂和精细的分子识别和调控功能方面非常有效。
