Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009 Nov;107(5):565-9. doi: 10.1007/s00421-009-1166-7. Epub 2009 Aug 22.
The NOS3 gene is a candidate to explain individual variations in health and exercise related phenotypes. We compared genotypic and allelic frequencies of the NOS3 -786 T/C polymorphism (rs2070744) in three groups of men of the same Caucasian (Spanish) descent: (i) elite endurance athletes (cyclists, runners; N = 100); (ii) elite power athletes (jumpers, throwers, sprinters; N = 53) and (iii) non-athletic controls (N = 100). The frequency of the TT genotype was significantly higher in power athletes (57%) than in the endurance (33%, P = 0.017) or control group (34%, P = 0.026). The frequency of the T allele was also higher in power sportsmen (71%) than in their endurance (55%, P = 0.003) and control referents (56%, P = 0.015). No differences were observed between control and endurance groups. In summary, the -786 T/C polymorphism of the NOS3 gene seems to be associated with elite performance in power-oriented athletic events (throwing, jumping, sprinting), with the T allele exerting a beneficial effect. The mechanism by which this allele variant might benefit power performance remains to be elucidated.
NOS3 基因是解释个体在健康和运动相关表型方面差异的候选基因。我们比较了三个具有相同白种人（西班牙裔）血统的男性群体中 NOS3-786T/C 多态性（rs2070744）的基因型和等位基因频率：（i）精英耐力运动员（自行车运动员、跑步运动员；N=100）；（ii）精英力量运动员（跳跃运动员、投掷运动员、短跑运动员；N=53）和（iii）非运动员对照组（N=100）。在力量运动员中，TT 基因型的频率（57%）明显高于耐力运动员（33%，P=0.017）或对照组（34%，P=0.026）。T 等位基因在力量运动员中的频率也更高（71%），高于耐力运动员（55%，P=0.003）和对照组参考者（56%，P=0.015）。对照组和耐力组之间没有观察到差异。总之，NOS3 基因的-786T/C 多态性似乎与力量型运动项目（投掷、跳跃、短跑）的精英表现有关，T 等位基因具有有益的作用。该等位基因变体如何有益于力量表现的机制仍有待阐明。
