Price Jack F, Goldstein Stuart L
Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2009 Sep;6(3):191-8. doi: 10.1007/s11897-009-0027-3.
Concomitant cardiac and renal dysfunction has been termed the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). This clinical condition usually manifests as heart failure with worsening renal function and occurs frequently in the acute care setting. A consistent definition of CRS has not been universally agreed upon, although a recent classification of CRS describes several subtypes depending on the primary organ injured and the chronicity of the injury. CRS may develop in adults and children and is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized and ambulatory patients. The underlying physiology of CRS is not well understood, creating a significant challenge for clinicians when treating heart failure patients with renal insufficiency. This review summarizes recent data characterizing the incidence, physiology, and management of children who have heart failure and acute kidney injury.
心脏和肾脏功能障碍并存被称为心肾综合征（CRS）。这种临床状况通常表现为心力衰竭伴肾功能恶化，且在急性护理环境中经常发生。尽管最近对CRS的分类根据主要受损器官和损伤的慢性程度描述了几种亚型，但CRS的统一定义尚未得到普遍认可。CRS可发生于成人和儿童，是住院和门诊患者发病和死亡的有力预测指标。CRS的潜在生理机制尚未完全了解，这给治疗肾功能不全的心力衰竭患者的临床医生带来了重大挑战。本综述总结了近期有关心力衰竭合并急性肾损伤儿童的发病率、生理机制和管理的数据。
